Week 3 chapter 20 Chapter on Mechanical Ventilation & Pneumothorax

These flashcards cover key concepts related to mechanical ventilation, indications, contraindications, and conditions such as pneumothorax, along with nursing interventions and patient care.

Mechanical Ventilation

Assisted breathing for patients who can't effectively exchange gases.

Positive Pressure Ventilation

Type of ventilation that pushes air into the lungs, commonly using CPAP and BiPAP.

CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)

A noninvasive ventilation method that provides a constant pressure during inhalation and exhalation.

BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure)

A noninvasive ventilation method providing different pressures for inhalation (higher) and exhalation (lower).

Indications for Mechanical Ventilation

Situations requiring mechanical assistance for breathing, such as respiratory failure and compromised airways.

Contraindications for Noninvasive Ventilation

Conditions such as respiratory arrest or serious dysrhythmias where invasive measures are necessary.

Cognitive Impairments in Ventilation

Cognitively impaired patients may pull off masks, making them unsuitable for noninvasive ventilation.

Chest Physiotherapy (CPT)

Therapeutic technique that involves clapping on the chest wall to help loosen secretions.

Pneumothorax

A condition where air enters the pleural space, causing potential lung collapse.

Simple Pneumothorax

A spontaneous lung collapse that occurs without trauma or obvious cause, often in young males.

Tension Pneumothorax

Lifecycle-threatening condition where trapped air increases pressure in the pleural space, displacing mediastinal structures.

Chest Tube

A tube placed in the pleural space to reinflate the lung and/or drain air, fluid, or blood.

Mucus Plug

A blockage in the airway caused by accumulated mucus, which can be life-threatening.

Monitoring Alarm Fatigue

The need to respond appropriately to alarms while managing ongoing noise from ventilator alarms.

Humidifying the Airway

The process of adding moisture to the air supply to prevent drying of mucous membranes.

Maintaining Effective Airway Clearance

Assessing and ensuring open airways through suctioning and other techniques as needed.

Pressure Ulcers Prevention

The practice of repositioning patients frequently to avoid bedsores.

Fluid Balance Monitoring (I&O)

Monitoring intake and output to assess hydration status and weight changes.