AP Art History Identifiers

Artist, Culture, Date, Medium

Apollo 11 Stones

Prehistoric African
25,500-25,300 BCE
Charcoal on stone

Great Hall of the Bulls

Prehistoric European
15,000-13,000 BCE
Rock painting

Camelid Sacrum in the shape of a canine

Prehistoric American
14,000-7,000 BCE
Bone

Running Horned Woman

Prehistoric African
6,000-4,000 BCE
Pigment on rock

Beaker with Ibex Motifs

Prehistoric Middle East
4,200-3,500 BCE
Painted terra cotta

Anthropomorphic stele

Prehistoric Middle East
4,000 BCE
Sandstone

Jade cong

Prehistoric China
3,300-2,200 BCE
Carved jade

Stonehenge

Prehistoric Europe
2,500-1,600 BCE
Sandstone

The Ambum Stone

Prehistoric Oceania
1,500 BCE
Greywacke

Tlatilco female figurine

Prehistoric American
1,200-900 BCE
Ceramic

Terra cotta fragment

Prehistoric Oceania (Lapita)
1,000 BCE
Incised terra cotta

White temple and its ziggurat

Sumerian
3,500-3,000 BCE
Mud brick

Statues of votive figures, from the Square Temple at Eshunna

Sumerian
2700 BCE
Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone

*Standard of Ur from the Royal Tombs at Ur

Sumerian
2600-2400 BCE
Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone

Code of Hammurabi

Babylonian (Susian)
1792-1750 BCE
Basalt

Lamassu from the citadel of Sargon II

Neo-Assyrian
720-705 BCE
Alabaster

*Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes

Persian
520-465 BCE
Limestone

*Palette of King Narmer

Predynastic Egypt
3000-2920 BCE
Greywacke

Seated scribe

Egyptian Old Kingdom
2620-2500 BCE
Painted limestone

*Great Pyramids (Menkaure, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx

Egyptian Old Kingdom
2550-2490 BCE
Cut limestone

King Menkaure and Queen

Egyptian Old Kingdom
2490-2472 BCE
Greywacke

*Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall

Egyptian New Kingdom
Temple: 1550 BCE / Hall: 1250 BCE
Cut sandstone and mud brick

*Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut

Egyptian New Kingdom
1473-1458 BCE
Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and red granite

Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters

Egyptian New Kingdom (Amarna); 1353-1353 BCE; Limestone

Tutankhamun’s tomb, innermost coffin

Egyptian New Kingdom; 1323 BCE; Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones

Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer

Egyptian New Kingdom; 1275 BCE; Painted papyrus scroll

Athenian Agora

Greek, Archaic through Hellenistic
600 BCE-150 CE
Plan

Anavysos Kouros

Greek, Archaic
530 BCE
Marble and paint

Peplos Kore from the Acropolis

Archaic Greek
530 BCE
Marble and paint

*Niobides Krater

Niobid Painter
Classical
460-450 BCE
Clay, red-figure technique with white highlights

Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)

Polykleitos
Classical
450-440 BCE
Roman marble copy of Greek original bronze

*Acropolis

Iktinos and Kallikrates
Classical
447-410 BCE
Marble

Grave stele of Hegeso

Kallimachos
Classical
410 BCE
Marble and paint

Winged Victory of Samothrace

Greek, Hellenistic
190 BCE
Marble

*Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon

Greek, Hellenistic
175 BCE
Marble

Seated Boxer

Greek, Hellenistic
100 BCE
Bronze

Sarcophagus of the Spouses

Etruscan
520 BCE
Terra cotta

*Temple of Minerva and sculpture of Apollo

Master sculptor Vulca
Etruscan
510-500 BCE
Original temple of wood, mud brick, and tufa (volcanic rock); terra cotta sculpture

Tomb of the Triclinium

Etruscan
480-470 BCE
Tufa and fresco

*House of the Vetti

Roman
2nd c. BCE, rebuilt 62-79 CE
Cut stone and fresco

Alexander Mosaic

Roman
100 BCE
Mosaic

Head of a Roman Patrician

Roman
75-50 BCE
Marble

Augustus of Prima Porta

Roman
1st c. CE
Marble

*Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater)

Roman

70-80 CE
Stone and concrete

*Forum of Trajan

Apollodorus of Damascus
106-113 CE
Brick and concrete (architecture); marble (column)

*Pantheon

Roman
118-125 CE
Concrete with stone facing

Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus

Roman
250 CE
Marble

Catacomb of Priscilla

Late Antique Europe
200-400 CE
Excavated tufa and fresco

Santa Sabina

Late Antique Europe
422-432 CE
Brick and stone, wooden roof

Hagia Sophia

Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus
Byzantine
532-537 CE
Brick, ceramic elements, stone, and mosaic veneer

San Vitale

Byzantine
526-547 CE
Brick, marble, stone veneer, mosaic

Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George

Byzantine
6th or early 7th c. CE
Encaustic on wood

Vienna Genesis

• Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well

• Jacob Wrestling the Angel

Byzantine
Early 6th c.
Illuminated manuscript (tempera, gold and silver on purple vellum)

Merovingian looped fibulae

Early Medieval Europe (Merovingian)
Mid-6th century
Silver gilt worked in filigree, with inlays of garnets and other stones

Lindisfarne Gospels

Early medieval Europe (Hiberno Saxon)
700 CE
Illuminated manuscript (ink pigments, gold on vellum)

Great Mosque

Early Medieval (Umayyad) Europe / Islamic
Begun 785-786 CE
Stone masonry

Pyxis of al-Mughira

Early Medieval (Umayyad) Europe / Islamic
968 CE
Ivory

Reliquary of Saint Foy

9th c. CE, with later additions
Stone (architecture); stone and paint (tympanum); gold, silver, gemstones, and enamel over wood (reliquary)

Church of Sainte Foy

Romanesque Europe
1050-1139 CE
Stone

Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel

• Lamentation

Unknown architect; Giotto di Bondone (artist)
Chapel: 1303 CE; Fresco: 1305 CE
Brick (architecture) and fresco

Bayeux Tapestry

Romanesque Europe (English or Norman)
1066-1080 CE
Embroidery on linen

Chartres Cathedral

Gothic Europe
Original construction: 1145-1155 CE / reconstructed 1194-1220 CE
Limestone, stained glass

Bible Moralisée

• Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX of France

• Scenes from the Apocalypse

Gothic Europe
1225-1245 CE
Illuminated manuscript (ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum)

Rottgen Pieta

Late Medieval Europe (German)
1300–1325
Painted wood

Golden Haggadah
• Plagues of Egypt
• Scenes of Liberation
• Preparation for Passover

Late medieval Spain (Jewish)
1320 CE
Illuminated manuscript (pigments on vellum)

Alhambra Palace
• Court of the Lions
• Hall of the Sisters

Nasrid Dynasty
1354-1391 CE
Whitewashed adobe stucco, wood, tile, paint, and gilding

Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece)

Workshop of Robert Campin
Flemish
1427-1432
Oil on wood

The Arnolfini Portrait

Jan Van Eyck
Flemish
1434
Oil on wood

Pazzi Chapel

Filippo Brunelleschi
Italian
1429-1461
Masonry

David

Donatello
Italian
1440-1460
Bronze

Palazzo Rucellai

Leon Battista Alberti
Italian
1450
Stone, masonry

Madonna and Child with Two Angels

Fra Filippo Lippi
Italian
1465
Tempera on wood

Birth of Venus

Sandro Botticelli
Italian
1484-1486
Tempera on canvas

Last Supper

Leonardo da Vinci
Italian
1494-1498
Oil and tempera (fresco secco)

School of Athens

Raphael
Italian
1509-1511
Buon fresco

Sistine Chapel ceiling and altar wall frescoes

Michelangelo
Italian
Building: 1483; Ceiling frescoes: 1508-1512; altar frescoes: 1536-1541

Venus of Urbino

Titian
Italian (Venetian)
1538
Oil on canvas

Entombment of Christ

Jacopo da Pontormo
Italian
1525-1528
Oil on wood

Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza

Viceroyalty of New Spain
16th c. Spanish-influenced art
1541-1542
Ink and color on paper

Mosque of Selim II

Sinan
Islamic (Ottoman)
1568-1575
Brick, stone

Isenheim Altarpiece

Matthias Grunewald
German
1512-1516
Oil on wood

Allegory of Law and Grace

Lucas Cranach the Elder
1530
Woodcut and letterpress

Adam and Eve

Albrecht Durer
German
1504
Engraving

Hunters in the Snow

Pieter Bruegal the Elder
Dutch
1565
Oil on wood

Il Gesu

Giacomo da Vignola and Giacomo della Porta
Southern (Italian) Baroque
16th c. Ce, facade and interior: 1568-1584 CE
Brick, marble, fresco, stucco

Ecstasy of St. Teresa, (A) Cornaro Chapel, (B) Santa Maria della Vittoria

Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Southern (Italian) Baroque
1647-1652
Marble (sculpture); stucco and gilt bronze (chapel)

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, (A) Floorplan, (B) Nave view of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

Francesco Borromini
Southern (Italian) Baroque
1638-1646
Stone, stucco

Calling of St. Matthew

Caravaggio
Southern (Italian) Baroque
1597-1601
Oil on canvas

Las Meninas

Diego Velazquez
Southern (Spanish) Baroque
1656
Oil on canvas

The Virgin of Guadalupe

Miguel Gonzalez
New Spanish Baroque
1698
Oil on canvas on wood, inlaid with mother of pearl

Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei

Master of Calamarca (La Paz School)
New Spanish Baroque
17th c.
Oil on canvas

Screen with the Siege of Belgrade

Gonzalez Family
New Spanish Baroque
1697-1701
Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay

Self Portrait with Saskia

Rembrandt van Rijn
Northern (Dutch) Baroque
1636
Etching

Woman Holding a Balance

Jonhannes Vermeer
Northern (Dutch) Baroque
1664
Oil on canvas

Henry IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici

Peter Paul Rubens
Northern (Flemish) Baroque
1621-1625

Palace at Versailles

• Courtyard

• Hall of Mirrors

• Gardens

Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin-Mansart
Northern (French) Baroque
Begun in 1669
Masonry, stone, wood, iron, gold leaf

Fruit and Insects

Rachel Ruysch
Dutch
1711
Oil on wood

The Swing

Jean-Honore Fragonard
French
1767
Oil on canvas

A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery

Joseph Wright of Derby
English
1763-1765
Oil on canvas

Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo

Attributed to Juan Rodriguez Juarez
New Spain
1715
Oil on canvas