module 6 fundamentals quiz

Which feature of the outer ear helps determine where sound comes from

shape of pinna

why is the tympanic membrane effective at transferring sound

increases pressure by concentrating force from a larger to smaller area

what best explains why children are more prone to ear issues

more horizontal eustachian tube

what mechanism helps the middle ear increase pressure before sound reaches the cochlea

lever action of ossicles and surface area difference

why is impedance matching necessary for normal hearing

to transfer sound from air to fluid

what is directly attached to the tympanic membrane

malleus

what happens first after the stapes pushes into the oval window

fluid inside cochlea begins to move

why is the movement of the stapes at the oval window critical for hearing

initiates fluid wave movement in the cochlea

which inner ear structure is responsible for balance

semicircular canals

where are the sensory cells for hearing located

organ of corti

what structure directly interacts with stereocilia

tectorial membrane

what cochlear structure forms the superior boundary of scala media

reissner’s membrane

what structure forms inferior boundary of scala media

basilar membrane

what is the role of the tectorial membrane

interacts with hair cells during vibration

which structure is most involved in frequency tuning

basilar membrane

which part of the cochlea is most responsive to high frequency

base near oval window

if damage occurs at the apex of the cochlea what is affected

low frequency sound perception

which cochlear chamber contains endolymph

scala media

if the basilar membrane moves, what is the most direct result

stereocilia bends and releases neurotransmitters

what is the primary role of the hair cells in the organ of corti

send auditory signals to the brain

which sequence best describes how sound energy transduces in the auditory system

acoustic —> mechanical —> hydraulic —> electrochemical

where in the auditory system does acoustic energy first change into mechanical energy

tympanic membrane and ossicles

why can listeners understand speech even when the signal is unclear

brain uses context and prior knowledge

examples of redundancy in speech perception

using semantic and syntactic cues to interpret unclear words

if two speakers produce the same vowel with different formant frequencies, why do we still hear the same vowel

pattern matters more than the formant itself

why is speech perception considered complicated

integrates acoustic input with linguistic knowledge

what does it mean when perception shifts suddenly from hearing b to p

crossover (categorical boundary)

compared to consonants vowels are typically

higher and intensity and lower in frequency

which type of speech sound requires the fastest articulator movements

consonants

a patient has fluid in the middle ear with no signs of infection

otitis media with effusion

if the ET is not functioning properly what is affected

pressure equalization in the middle ear

what does the speech banana represent

frequencies and intensities of speech sounds

why do we use the speech banana clinically

it represents rage of speech sounds on an audiogram