History of Life

RNA

________ may have evolved before DNA because- it can act like enzymes, form simple proteins, replicate, store genetic info, found to form as water is frozen and nucleotides are pushed into spaces between water crystals.

Horizontal gene

________ transfer theory- transfer of genetic material between cells led to more complex cell organelles.

Miller urey experiment

________- replicated primitive atmosphere, amino acids formed.

Oparins primordial soup model

________- inorganic compounds transformed into organic compounds through sun and lightning in Earths oceans.

Endosymbiosis

________- prokaryote ingested bacteria which later became mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Radiometric

________ dating- measures radioactive isotopes, dates igneous and metamorphic rocks (fossils are found in sedimentary rock)

Lipid membrane hypothesis

________- phospholipids naturally form lipid bilayer called liposomes.

Autogenous theory

________- folds in membranes formed eukaryotic organelles.

bubble model

Lermans ________- chemical reactions occurred in bubbles in the ocean, fixed problems with primordial soup model.

relative dating

comparative dating, uses index fossils, doesnt give specific age in years

radiometric dating

measures radioactive isotopes, dates igneous and metamorphic rocks (fossils are found in sedimentary rock)

half life

the period of time that it takes for 1/2 of the radioactive isotope to decay

radioactive decay

radioactive isotopes change into a more stable form (new element or its product isotope)

4-stage hypothesis for hist. of life

inorganic chemicals form simple organic molecules in primitive ocean, formation of complex organic molecules, formation of self replicating molecules that make inheritance possible, membrane formation

oparins primordial soup model

inorganic compounds transformed into organic compounds through sun and lightning in Earths oceans

miller urey experiment

replicated primitive atmosphere, amino acids formed

lermans bubble model

chemical reactions occurred in bubbles in the ocean, fixed problems with primordial soup model

RNA may have evolved before DNA because

it can act like enzymes, form simple proteins, replicate, store genetic info, found to form as water is frozen and nucleotides are pushed into spaces between water crystals

lipid membrane hypothesis

phospholipids naturally form lipid bilayer called liposomes

endosymbiosis

prokaryote ingested bacteria which later became mitochondria and chloroplasts

autogenous theory

folds in membranes formed eukaryotic organelles

horizontal gene transfer theory

transfer of genetic material between cells led to more complex cell organelles

multicellular

many cells, cell specialization

colonial

many cells, no cell specialization