a&p chapter 13

exam 3

Identify the major endocrine glands

Pituitary gland thyroid gland parathyroid gland adrenal glands pancreas pineal gland thymus ovaries and testes

Describe endocrine glands

Cells tissues and organs that secrete hormones internally and act on target cells that contain specific receptors

Describe exocrine glands

Glands that secrete into ducts that lead to body surfaces and deliver products to specific locations

Describe endocrine secretions

Ductless glands that release hormones directly into body fluids

Describe autocrine secretions

A cell targets itself

Describe paracrine secretions

A cell targets nearby cells

Compare the communication of the nervous and endocrine systems

Both use chemicals as messengers but endocrine is slower less specific and longer lasting

List important functions of hormones

Regulate metabolism water and electrolyte balance growth stress response and functions of body cells

Describe steroid hormones

Lipid based hormones made from cholesterol with complex carbon rings

Examples of steroid hormones

Testosterone estrogens cortisol aldosterone

Describe nonsteroid hormones

Amines proteins peptides and glycoproteins made from amino acids

Explain how steroid hormones affect target cells

Steroid hormones enter the cell bind to receptors and activate DNA to produce proteins that cause the hormone effect

Explain how nonsteroid hormones affect target cells

Nonsteroid hormones bind to cell membrane receptors and activate second messengers like cAMP to produce the hormone effect