Module 14: Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Adaptive Immunity

ability to recognize and remember antigens and attack them

Adenoids

mass of lymphatic tissue nasopharynx

Antibody

protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens

Antigen

recognize foreign and evokes immune response

Axillary Nodes

lymph nodes

B Cells

lymphocyte matures into plasma cell to secrete antibodies (bone marrow)

Cell-Mediated Immunity

T Cells (cytotoxic) respond to antigens and destroy them

Cervical Nodes

lymph nodes in neck region

Complement System

proteins in blood help antibodies kill target

Cytokines

proteins secreted by cytotoxic T cells aid antigen destruction

Cytotoxic T Cells

lymphocyte directly kills antigens known as CD8

Dendritic Cell

antigen cell shows T and B cells what to attack

Helper T Cells

lymphocyte aids B cells and stimulates T cells (CD4+)

Humoral Immunity

B cells produce antibodies after exposure to antigens (adaptive immunity)

Immunoglobulins

antibodies secreted by plasma cells to respond to antigen

Immunotherapy

immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to rest disease

Inguinal Nodes

lymph nodes in groin region

Interferons

proteins secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate immune response

Interleukins

proteins stimulates growth of B and T lymphocytes

Interstitial Fluid

fluid spaces between cells, fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries

Lymph

thin, watery fluid in lymphatic vessels collected from tissues

Lymph Capillaries

tiniest lymphatic vessel

Lymph Nodes

solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels that fight infection

Lymphoid Organs

lymph nodes, spleen, thymus glands, tonsils and adenoids

Lymph Vessels

carrier lymph throughout body (empty lymph into veins upper part of chest)

Mediastinal Nodes

lymph nodes in area between lungs in chest cavity

Mesenteric Nodes

lymph nodes in mesentery (interestinal region)

Monoclonal Antibody

antibody produced in laboratory to attack antigens and destroy cells

Natural Immunity

protection individual born with fight of infection

Paraaortic Nodes

lymph nodes near aorta in lumbar (waist)

Plasma Cells

lymphocyte secretes antibodies matured from B lymphocytes

Right Lymphatic Duct

lymphatic vessel in chest drains lymph from right upper body emptied into large vein

Spleen

organ left upper abdomen destroys worn out red blood cells, activated lymphocytes, and stores blood.

Suppressor T Cells

lymphocyte inhibits B and T Cells (Treg)

T Cell (T lymphocyte)

lymphocyte acts directly on antigen to destroy them or produce chemicals

Thoracic Duct

large lymphatic vessel drains lymph from lower and left body that empties into large vein of neck

Tolerance

ability of T lymphocyte to recognize and accept body antigens as friendly

Thymus Gland

lymphoid organ in mediastinum of T cells react to foreign cells and aids immune response

Tonsils

mass lymphatic tissue in back of oropharynx

Toxin

poison produced by bacteria, animals, or plants

lymphaden/o

lymph node (gland)

ana-

again

inter-

between

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

group of clinical signs and symptoms with suppression of immune system and infections, neoplasms, and neurological problems

Kaposi Sarcoma

cancer from lining of cells of capillaries that produces dark-purplish nodules

Candidiasis

fungus in mouth, skin, intestinal tract, vagina

Cryptococcal Infection (Crypto)

fungus causes lung, brain, and blood infections

Cyrptosporidiosis

parasitic infection of gastrointestinal tract and brain and spinal cord

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection

virus causes enteritis and retinitis

Herpes Simplex

infection causes small blisters on skin of lips or nose or genitals

Histoplasmosis (Histo)

infection caused by inhalation of dust

Mycobacterium Avium-Intracellulare (MAI) Complex Infection

bacterial disease manifesting with fever, malaise, night sweats, anorexia, diarrhea, weight loss, and lung,and blood infections

Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)

organism causes lung infection, with fever, cough, chest pain

Toxoplasmosis (Toxo)

parasitic infection involving central nervous system (CNS) and causing fever, chills, visual disturbances, confusion, paralysis, seizures

Tuberculosis (TB)

bacterial disease involving lungs, brain, and other organs

Allergy

abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to antigen

Lymphoma

malignant tumor lymph nodes and lymph tissue

Hodgkin Lymphoma

malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes from Reed-Sternberg cells

Multiple Myeloma

tumor of bone marrow cells

Thymoma

tumor of thymus gland

Anaphylaxis

abnormal hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance

Atopy

hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition

CD4+ Cells

helper T cells carrying CD4 protein antigen

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

virus causes AIDS

non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

group of malignant tumor involving lymphoid tissue

Opportunistic Infections

infectious diseases with AIDS

Protease Inhibitor

drug treats AIDS by blocking production of protease

Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (RTI)

drug treats AIDS by blocking reverse transcriptase

Wasting Syndrome

weight loss and decrease muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity (associated with AIDS)

CD4+ Cell Count

measures number of CD4+ T cells in the bloodstream of patients with AIDS

ELISA

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and is a screening test to detect anti-HIV antibodies

Immunoelectrophoresis

test that separates immunoglobulins

Viral Load Test

measure amount of AIDS virus (HIV) in bloodstream

Lymphatic System

immune system protects bodies from disease (T helper cells)

B Cells produces?

Antibodies

IgM

immunoglobulin M

ICS

kaposi sarcoma

MoAB

monoclonal antibody

RTI

reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Hypersensitivity Reactions

hay fever, analyplatic shock and hives

Lymphedema

collection interstitial fluid between cells due to obstruction of lymph vessels and nodes