Unit 6 Vocab AP World History

Assimilation

The act of becoming part of another culture.

Banana Republics

Small Central American countries that fell under the economic power of foreign corporations.

Berlin Conference

A meeting of several European powers to discuss the orderly colonization of Africa, establishing colonial boundaries and trade movements.

Boxer Rebellion

a violent, armed uprising in China that sought to drive all foreigners from China from 1899-1901

Chinese Immigration Act

An 1855 response to the large influx of Chinese miners in Australia that limited the number of Chinese immigrants that came ashore from each ship

Congo Free State

Privately owned colony by King Leopold II of Belgium from 1885-1908 in which he kept all profits and exploited workers who were forced to work as a form of taxation.

Corvée Laborer

Unpaid workers who were forced to work as a form of taxation.

Economic Imperialism

When foreign business interests have great economic power and influence which takes advantage of natural resources outside their borders

Emigrate

To leave one’s home country or region to settle somewhere else permanently. Often driven by factors like economic opportunities, political instability, or social conditions.

Ethnic Enclaves

Groups or neighborhoods of people from the same foreign country.

Great Famine

From 1845 to 1849, the potato crop was destroyed in Ireland causing about 3 million people to emigrate to other nations

Humanitarians

People who work to improve the conditions of others.

Immigrate

To move into a new country or region to settle there permanently.

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Industrial Capitalism

An economic and social system in which trade, industry and capital are privately controlled and operated for a profit.

King Leopold II

King of Belgium from 1865 to 1909, best known for his personal control on the Congo Free State, where he exploited its resources and people under the guise of humanitrianism

Māori Wars

A series of conflicts from the 1840s to 1872 between the British colonial government/settlers and various Maori (tribes) in New Zealand, stemming from land disputes, sovereignty issues, and the impact of colonization, resulting in significant Maori land confiscation and lasting societal changes

Migrant

A person who moves from place to place, often for work or survival, not usually permanently.

Monocultures

A lack of agricultural diversity, particularly in developing nations.

Monroe Doctrine

A US policy drafted in 1823 opposing European colonialism in the Americas.

Opium War

From 1839 to 1842 war waged between the Chinese and British over the Chinese government’s objection to the importation of opium

Penal Colony

A colony established for the purpose of relocating convicts. In 1788, Britain began sending its convicts to Australia

Proletariat

The working class that Marx believed would be driven into poverty by capitalists and revolt

Quinine

A medication used to prevent and treat malaria, enabling European colonization in tropical regions.

Scramble for Africa

The rapid invasion, colonization, and division of African territories by European powers during the late 19th century.

Social Darwinism

Social Darwinism is a social theory that emerged in the late 19th century, asserting that human societies and cultures evolve through the same natural selection process as biological species. This ideology was often used to justify imperialism and the belief in racial superpriority, leading to the idea that stronger nations had the right to dominate weaker ones

Spanish-American War

The U.S victory in 1898 brought Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines under the control of the U.S

Sphere of Influence

A region in which one country has significant cultural, economic, or political influence over others.

Suez Canal

A man-made waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.

Treaty of Nanking

After the Opium War, this treaty required China to open ports to foreigners, give Hong Kong to Britain, allow the trade of opium, and pay damages

White Man’s Burden

White Europeans claimed responsibility for caring and civilizing natives of their respective colonies.