Junior Religion Exam

St. Charles Borromeo

applies Tridentine legislation in Milan - model bishop

St. Teresa of Avila and St. John of the Cross

Converted ppl internationally

St. Philip Neri

Converted others to the faith in Rome

St. Francis de Sales

worked with St. Jane de Chantal to start the order of the Visitation Sisters. Worked to revive prayer life.

St. Jane de Chantal

worked with St. Francis de Sales to start the order of the Visitation Sisters. Worked to revive prayer life.

St. Vincent de Paul

worked with St. Louise of Marillae to form Sisters of Charity who cared for the poor.

St. Louise de Marillae

worked with St. Vincent de Paul to form Sisters of Charity who cared for the poor.

St. Issac Jognes, S.J.

Fingers chewed off so couldn’t say Mass. Got permission to say mass again in France.

Sr. Kateri Tekakwitha

First canonized indigenous woman from North America

Our Lady of Guadalupe

When Mary appeared to San Juan Diego in Mexico.

St. Peter Claver, S.J.

Helped those facing the horrors of slavery. Provided physical and spiritual help.

St. Martin de Porres, S.J.

Dominican who worked at an infirmary. Very wise. Experienced discrimination for being of mixed race but served with fortitude and joy.

Pope Pious IX

Was protected by French troops until 1870 → Prisoner in the Vatican, doesn’t recognize state sovereignty

Otto Von Bismark

Anti-Catholic who started a 7-year persecution - Kulturkampf

Voltaire

French Enlightenment writer and philosopher

St. Charles Lwanga

refused to agree to the demands of King Mwanga in Uganda who was a pedophile. Strengthened Christian community for martyrdom

Pope Leo XIII

He was a better spiritual leader. Addressed problems of liberalism, industrialization, socialism and Marxism. Aquinas gets primary in philosophy and theology. Rerun Novarum and Biblical Exegis.

Our Lady of Lourdes and Bernadette

While gathering firewood, Bernadette saw Mary praying the rosary. She was encouraged to visit the grotto every day. “I am the immaculate conception”

Our Lady of Fatima

Appearance of Mary to 3 shepherd children in Fatima, Portugal. Miracle of the Sun

St. Peter Chanel

South Pacific missions

Sr. Francis Cabrini

First American citizen saint. Found Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Very sick and was rejected from many sisterhoods. New York missionary.

Nicholas Black Elk

Native American convert. Medicine man - spiritually and physically. Converted and led many people

Daniel Rudd

former enslaved person who fought for racial equality within the Church and for Black Catholics. First newspaper for African-Americans

Pope Pious X

Ended custom of HRE participating in papal elections. Code of Canon Law. Catholic action. Sunday school.

Blessed Cyprian Tansi

Indigenous, African priest. Taught and created a true Christian community bringing many to priesthood.

St. Elizebeth Ann Seton

Pioneering figure in American Catholic edu. Founder of parochial system in US.

St. John Neumann

Bishop of Philadelphia. Established the Catholic diocesan school system.

St. John Henry Newman

Oxford movement - move Anglicans to Catholicism

St. Therese

Doctor of the Church. Carmelite nun. “Little Way”

St. Rose Philippine Duchesne

Society of the Sacred Heart in the US. Served Indigenous American survivors and established schools.

St. Thomas Becket/ King Henry II of England

Thomas fought back against King Henry II’s Constitutions of Clarendon. He had a radical conversion from worldliness to humility. Resigned as Chancellor to the King.

St. Dominic/ Albegensianism

Started Mendicants. Fought Albigensian heresy by sending men to University of Paris to be intellectually prepared.

St. Francis of Assisi

Started Mendicants. Wild youth who had a conversion. Emphasized poverty. Popular devotional preaching.

St. Clare of Assisi

Created the “Poor Clares” who’s lives emphasized poverty and contemplation. She served as abbess until her death.

Averraes (Ibn Rushd)

Influenced the way people read Aristotle. Controversial to study him.

St. Albert the Great

Taught St. Thomas Aquinas using Aristotle. When people condemned Thomas, he defended him.

St. Thomas Aquinas

Distinguished essence and existence

St. Bridget of Sweden

Spoke the truth against blatant corruption of popes (their luxury and sensuality).

St. Joan of Arc

Had an angelic vision instructing her to liberate France and crown dauphin Charles VII. Siege of Orleans.

John Wycliffe and Jon Hus

Proto-protestant thinkers. Wycliffe believes ownership is sinful, scripture has sole authority, and predestination. Wanted state to steal from the Church during the 100 years war. Hus agreed but added no purgatory or transubstantiation and justification by faith alone.

Martin Luther

95 Theses, Lutheranism. Utilized printing press and pamphlets as well as politics.

Jean Calvin

Calvinism - predestination, turned Geneva, Switzerland into theocracy. Rejects state patronage. trains ministers.

King Henry VII of England

Granted Church autonomy for legitimizing his rule. Brought stability to England. Controlled the Church

Pope Paul III

Fought for the rights of indigenous Americans experiencing oppression. Called for Council of Trent.

St. Pious V

Battle of Lepanto - called Rosary to be prayed, Dominican

St. Ignatius Loyola

Converted others internationally, founder of Society of Jesus

St. Francis Xavier

Converted internationally (India), practiced inculturation. He was the 1st missionary to Japan

St. Peter Canisius

Converted others internationally

Cardinal Ximenes (spain)

Prevents Protestantism in Spain through reform