Key Concepts in Psychology: History, Theories, and Ethical Principles

In the 1890's, which of the following was considered to be the most prominent philosopher in the United States?

James

John Locke's ideas about the "hardening" of children did not include

All of the answers are correct

Which of the following founded the first psychological laboratory in 1883 in the United States?

Hall

Psychologists have learned a lot about brain damage by studying those who have experienced brain damage. In the case of Phineas Gage, damage to the frotal lobe results in changes in

Personality

An _______ perspective implies an emphasis on the importance of meaning in the person's life.

existentialist

Which of the following laid the basis for scientific method ?

Locke

I tell my analyst that I often dream of llama-

manifest interpretation

The part of the freudian personality structure that we are born with is the

id

The basis of psychoanalysis is

repression

What part of Freud's personality structure is sometimes referred to as a conscience?

superego

I tell my analyst that i often dream of standing in front of a locomotive that is coming towards me.-

manifest

What is true of the Clever Hans video?

All of the answers are correct

Who served as president of Clark Univerity?

hall

_______ focused on the purpose of mental processes

functionalism

Which of the following invented the idea of the professional journal?

Hall

When a participant is given information about a study and how it may affect them, which of the Ethical areas of scientific psychology applies?

informed consent

Which of the following theorists had an interest in child and adolescent psychology

Hall

Which of the following coined the terms "inferiority complex" and "superiority complex"?

Adler

Ed was a very fragile child who suffered frequently from allergies and asthma. -

compensating

After the Clever Hans situation was investigated, which of the following happened?

the performances went on just as they had before the investigation

Who developed the idea pf phrenology?

Gall

the ability to communicate with the dead is?

spiritualism

The first institution in the U.S. to offer a doctorate in psychology was

Harvard

Galton studied

all of the answers are correct

___________ was a prominent supporter of phrenology

Walt Whitman

The term ____ is used to describe how we acquire knowledge

epistemology

Who is the author of the demarcation problem?

Popper

Which of the following spoke about a model afterlife as having three heavens, three hells, and a interim place?

Swedenborg

The psychograph was

all of the answers are correct

Which of the following produced a "boom" in spirtualism?

The Civil War

Martha Thomas.-

"I felt degraded by his writing"

In psychology, after a person has participated in a study they are de-briefed. This is part of which of the following ethical principles?

deception

Mark Twain was a prominent skeptic of

phrenology

A pseudoscientific practice that was popular in the 19th century was _____, which involved the evaluation of character through analyzing facial characteristics or expressions.

physiognomy

Darwin waited years to publish his finding because he was afraids to expose his beliefs in ?

materialism

Which of the following of often described as the father of developmental psychology ?

Hall

which of the following started the American psychological association

hall

According to _____, falsifiability is the ultimate test of distinguishing between empiricism and pseudoscience

Popper

Which of the following was the result of the influence of Darwin's work?

all of the answers are correct

Who was the first department of psychology head in the U.S?

Hall

Primary marketers of phrenology in the U.S. were

The Flower Brothers

William James showed his disdain for _______ by calling it "brass instrument psychology."

laboratory psychology

Which of the following wrote "De Anima"?

Aristotle

The term "stream of consciousness" was popularized by

James

Which of the following advocated "training women for motherhood" in adolescence?

Hall

Empiricism is the idea that knowledge comes from

experience

The work of ____ is credited with the formal development of modern psychology

Wundt

Science is a set of methods aimed at

All of the answers are correct

The German term "zeitgeist" refers to

spirit or flavor of the times

Which group of people disparaged the book that William James wrote?

experimental psychologists

What was Darwin's role on the HMS Beagle?

companion

Which of the following was a phrenology skeptic?

Twain

The branch of philosophy devoted to the study of sources and limits of how we acquire knowledge is

epostemology

The increase in comparative psychology and the thinking of humans as animals was influenced by

Darwin's

Which of the following is often described as the father of pedagogy?

Locke

Which of the following wrote an article entitled "I am not a lab rat"

Skinner's daughter

26.According to psychoanalytic theory interpretation of dreams, objects besides the obvious meaning. This is called_____

meaning.

Latent

Which of the following was a pioneer in organizing the profession...

Hall

Who wrote "De Anima"?

Aristotle

Who described his theory as "individual psychology.?

Adler

3.What is the human purpose according to Alfred Adler?

Belonging

Which of the following would not be a stimulus error?

All of the answers are correct

The study of comparative psychology was increased by ____ work

Dawin's

The testing of Babe Ruth lead to the rise of sports psychology in the

60s

How did Carl Rogers define maladjustment?

taking in values and attitudes from others

Thorndike advised that optimal class sizes were

15

For which of the following reasons did the public like phrenology?

all of the answers are correct

_________ were interested in what the mind does.

functionalists

Who is credited with being both the founder of clinical psychology and the founder of school psychology?

Witmer

The goal of introspection was to

Gidentify elements of consciousness

Which of the following is considered to be the father of child psychology?

Hall

Who is regarded as the father of experimental psychology?

Wundt

Which of the following is not a feature that Rogers and Skinner's experienced in their development?

The family of each men recognized them as geniuses at a young age

Who invented the air crib?

Skinner

What was Mesmer's theory?

the imbalance of magnetic fluid causes mental illness