Early Nazi up to Rise to power

Core Nazi beliefs 3

• stabbed in back

• anti Jew

• anti communist

What showed the Nazi were small party

Hitler party number was 555, but he was 55th

Why did Nazi have putsch

They were angry about the Ruhr

Inspired by Mussolini blackshirt

Why did the putsch fail

he was hoping police and army help him

he thought Gustav von Kar the state comissioner of Bavaria and other right wing leader would help him

but Ludendorff let them go

What actually made the Nazi famous

On the first day of the trial, Hitler gave a speech that lasted over three hours.

it was so popular that tickets were needed to the court room

reported around the world

one news paper even called him ‘hero of the hour’

UK daily express called him ‘Bavaria uncrowned King’

he admitted to the crime but said the November criminals were the ones who are guilty of treasion

what was the 25 point program

• It was the set of beliefs and aims of the Nazi Party, announced in 1920.

• Written by Hitler and the Nazi Party

• 1 - Hitler was born in the Habsburg empire, and he supported a ‘Grossdeustchland’, he wants Lebensraun

• 6 - only people of German blood can be citizen, jews are defined as a race not religion

• 7 - The state should ensure that all German citizens have a job and a good standard of living; if this was not possible, foreigners should be expelled from Germany. appealed to many in beer hall, as they were unemployed

• ‘Activity of individualism must not clash against the state’

Hitler good at what?

talent in speaking and playing on people’s emotions

Punishment for the Putsch on Nazi and HItler

since the Judiciary was not changed, the judges were sympatheic to Hitler and was inspired by his speech

He got out of jail after only serving 9 months

comfrotable castle prison

there was a ban on the NSDAP

lessons of the putsch

he need to control the right wing movement, and he needs to reform and unite them so it is more choherent

‘we must hold our noses and enter the reichtstag’

‘to be a drummer is not enough’ - need decisive leadership from Hitler

‘violence alone is not enough’

they must join politics

must present themselves as legitimite and gain power through Recihstag

When was mein kampf published

1928

The nazi arty was the only party

that held evening class for members to train public speaking

Nazi’s after 1923

what happen to mebership straight after

their tactic after 1928 election

what happened to member from 1927-1928

after membership halfed

they would often shift their focus and be more flexible to gain suport

After the Putsch thewy won 32 seats, and 7 months later they only won 14

they shifted their focus after the 1928 election to get farmer and middle class support

anti semitism most appealing to working class

Membership doubled from 1927-1928

Bamburg

Fuhrer prinzip

there can be no dispute over ideology tactic or approac

affirm that Anti semtism is the main thing

unify and consolidate Nazi internally

focus is not socialism

How did Nazi fund their early activites

Nazi merch:

The NSDAP sold official badges, armbands, flags, posters, and uniforms. Wearing these was considered a status symbol and proof of loyalty, creating high demand.

Nazi tactics

method of both politics and violence

creation of gau and gauleiter

Problem with Strasser

socialist side of the party, but he lost at Bamburg

Hitler the orater 7

1. he offers a vision

2. to lead germany to utopia

3. a pure nation

4. politcal crusade

5. his language are often simple and emotional

6. but it does not translate to votes, as only 12 in 1928

7. A demagogue is a political leader who gains support by appealing to people’s emotions, fears, or prejudices rather than using rational arguments or facts.

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   Simple definition

Why was the depression happen in Ger

American companies give short term loan to german banks, but they give out long term loans, so when america asks for money they panic

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American banks recall short-term loans to Germany

↓ (Germany loses access to foreign credit)

German banks gave long-term loans to businesses

↓ (companies relied on loans for operations)

Businesses struggle to repay German banks

↓ (banks lose money / face crisis)

German banks tighten credit or call in loans

↓ (companies can't borrow → cut costs)

Companies lay off workers / cut wages

↓ (workers earn less → spend less)

Reduced spending → businesses earn less

↓ (more defaults → banks under pressure)

Cycle repeats → deepens the depression

Nazi after the depression (niece, Schleicher, and seats)

from 12 in 1928 to 107 in 1930

Kurt von Schleicher want to use the Nazis to help the aristocrats and crush the left

Hitler neice shot herself with Hitler’s revolver in sept 1931, so it was a massive scandal (some speculated they were in inappropriate relasonship)

it was said Hitler force her to take pornographic picture

Impact of the Depression on soceity (politically)

people cant repay loan so the company has no money, but the bank can’t lend money cuz they have no money back from loan

as most people have no money and situation more extreme and gov not fixing anything they go more radical

people who had good education now can’t find good job, so they get pushed down to lower jobs, and the people orignial working them have no job

How did the depression help Nazism part 1 (town and city, what was unique, education so, and SA)

unemployment made Nazims popular in towns and cities

Nazi don’t support eccon liberalism, and at the time people need saving, so state intervention to make more jobs in contrast to Brunning austerity measures. Made the NSDAP unique

people who had good education now can’t find good job, so they get pushed down to lower jobs, and the people orignial working them have no job, so they join SA.

The SA give them job and shelter, for angry young men

Gobbles quote about how it is time to show that it is depression that help Nazi get to power

‘the Reichs is verging on Bankruptcy. Or hour approches with certainty, and we will seize it’

Problem with Hitler at the depression

Niece scandal

Hidneburg did not respect him : ‘'‘jumped up little copral’, make him postmaster general so he can ‘lick my behind’

eccon recovering

How were people affected by depression

how many between 16-30 unemployed

how many % of factory worker have no job

how many % of uni grad have no job

what did Gov do with food price

by 1933 50% of all german betwee 16-30 unemployed

40% of factory worker unemployed by 1932

60% of uni graduate have no job

Goverment kept food price to protect farmer, so many can’t eat

How did the depression weaken the Weimar

1. unpopular eccon policies, such as raising tax and reducing benifits and wages

2. presidential rule - as parties could not agree on what to do

3. rise of extremism, as the system break down ppl wnat radical change.

How many ppl killed or wounded in political fighting durring the depression

500 in 7 weeks

How did depression help Nazi part 2 (problem…,Htiler speech…)

for every problem thay have solution. e.g communist - SA, strong leader - Hitler, unemployment - massive projects

Hitler’s speech show his strong leadership against indecisive Weimar gov

Situation of the Nazis Party at the depression

SA 20 times the regular army by 33

good propaganda - posters, mass rallies ect

support from big buisness

use extensive use of radio and fly hitler around Germany to raise support while Hindenburg for the presidential election only gave 1 speech

strong leader

promise jobs for all

Many Nazis were soilders, so the party was well organised and disciplined

Nazi vote in 28,1930,Jul 32 and Nov 32

1928 - 12

1930 - 107

Jul 32 - 230

Nov 32 - 196, so time is not on Hitler’s side

Brunning

‘Hunger chancellor’

cut government spending and reduce wages and prices to balance the budget

unpopular

Fired in 30 May '1932

Schlieker vs pappen

von Schliecher ask to be chancellor and for Hindenburg to remove Papen so he can be Chancellor and implement his own plans, and Papen was voted out from a vote of no confidence

So Hindenburg fire Papenand he want revenge

Why did the Nazi position weaken by late 33

vote went down to 196

close to bancruptcy

eccon are better

niece scandal

What did Pappen and Hitler do

Hitler need to take action as his chance was slipping away. Pappen was angry against Schliecher, so they go ask Hindeburg to make Hitler Chancellor and Papen Vice-Chancellor

Plan of Pappen and Hindenbug against Hitler

He will do bad and the eccon will get better, so Hindenburg can kick him out.

Why did Hindenburg make Hitler Chancellor

no other option

Nazi were the largest party

fear of revolt

What in an 10 marker must say about Hindeburg making Hitler chancellor

say how Hitler got into that postion of being made chancellor. Becuase of mass support from propaganda ect

Dates Leading Up to Hitler Chancellorship

• 4 Jan 1933: Papen & Hitler meet in Cologne, and agree to work together with Hitler as Chancellor

• 9 – 22 Jan 1933: Papen persuades Hindenburg to support Hitler as Chancellor; key negotiations happen.

• 22 Jan 1933 : Pappen ask Hindenburg to make Hitler Chancellor, but refususes

• 28 Jan 1933 : Schleicher can’t get enough support and resign

• 30 Jan 1933: Hindenburg, persuaded by Papen, appoints Hitler as Chancellor. This is because unless Hindeburg do so, Papen say there might be threat of uprising from Nazi against Hindeburg. Also, Pappen was unpopular so eventhough Hindeburg wanted to apoint him, he can’t, so Htiler become Chancellor and Pappen as Vice Chancellor

Who helped Hitler rebrand and how?

• househoffer a professor

• househoffer emphaised the importance of looks and appreance

• he got Hitler to wear traditional Bavarian clothing, shorts and long socks and walking shoes, he got him to wear a suit and look smart, and wear party uniform durring rallies to appeal to different voter

• made Hitler drink herbal tea instead of beer for his voice

• and taught him public speaking - tone, emphasis ect

• he even took pictures of Hitler, so Hitler can see what gestures to do in speech

• and Joseph Gobbles helped him with propaganda

Problem with Nazi at first

thuggish, agressive and unorganised

Size o SA by ‘33

20 times regular army

Quote from Hitler about indiualism

‘Activiity of indvidualism must not clahs against the stae’

What did Hitler want (he was born in Habsburg)

supported Grossdetschland, and wants lebensraum

What does 25 point program talk about citizenship

only people of german blood can be citizen, jews are defined as a race not religion

What did 25 point program say about what the state should ensure

all German citizen have a job and a and good standard of living; if this was not posible, foreigners should be expelled from Germany.

appealed to many in beer hall, as they were unemployed

What did news paper call hitler durring his trial

hero of the hour’

UK daily express called him ‘Bavaria uncrowned King’

Fact to show that it was Hitler trial that made him famous

On the first day of the trial, Hitler gave a speech that lasted over three hours.

it was so popular that tickets were needed to the court room

reported around the world

Quote about hitler lesson from putsch

‘to be a drummer is not enough’ - need decisive leadership ‘violence alone is not enough’

What was the nazi policy after 1923

they would often shift their focus and be more flexible to gain support

anti semitism most appealing to working class

What did the Nazi do in 1928

they shifted their focus after the 1928 election to get farmer and middle class support

How many seats did they win after the Putsch and how many did they win 7 montsh later

32 (may 1924) then 14(December 1924)

What did Banburg introduce

Fuhrer prinzip

there can be no dispute over ideology tactic or approach

affirm that Anti semtism is the main thing

focus is not socialsim

what was the aim of Bamburg

unite the nazi itnernally

What does Hitler as an orator promise

offer a vision

to lead germany to utopia

of a political crusade

How does his rhetoric frame the Nazi aim as

4. politcal crusade

What was Hitler langauge like

his language are often simple and emotional

What can Hitler be described as

A demagogue is a political leader who gains support by appealing to people’s emotions, fears, or prejudices rather than using rational arguments or facts.

How many seat for Nazi in 1928

12

How many votes for Nazi in 1930

107

What did von Schleicher want to do

Nazis to help the aristocrats and crush the left

What did Hitler neice do

Hitler neice shot herself with Hitler’s revolver in sept 1931, so it was a massive scandal (some speculated they were in inappropriate relasonship)

Fact to show the effect of Brunning austerity GDP and Unemployed

instead, the austerity measures led to an additional 4.5-percent slump in GDP

and an additional 3.31 million unemployed

Situation of the Nazis Party at the depression

Term

New cards

Get a hint

Situation of the Nazis Party at the depression

Definition

SA 20 times the regular army by 33

good propaganda - posters, mass rallies ect

support from big buisness

use extensive use of radio and fly hitler around Germany to raise support while Hindenburg for the presidential election only gave 1 speech

strong leader

promise jobs for all

Many Nazis were soilders, so the party was well organised and

size of SA

March 1923 3,000

By 1929, the SA had 100,000 members.

Jan 1933 - 2,000,000—twenty times

4 million by April 1934, 40 times the size of army

Give example of good Nazi propaganda

good propaganda - posters, mass rallies ect

use extensive use of radio and fly hitler around Germany to raise support while Hindenburg for the presidential election only gave 1 speech

What was the nature of the party at depression and why

Many Nazis were soilders, so the party was well organised and

Who did Nazi have support durring depression

support from big buisness - to protect their economic interests against a perceived rise in communism

Why was Nazi popular durring depression

strong leader

promise jobs for all

Nazi Party Membership

27,000 in 1925 to 130,000 in 1929

Unemplotyment statisics in 1929, 1930 and Jan 19333

1929 - 1.4 million

1930 - over 2 million

Jan 1933 - 6.1 mil

Fact to show reocvering eccon in 1932

In Nov 1932 the seats was 196

August 1932 Reparations were cancelled

productivity (indexed to 1925 = 100) rose to 116.0 in 1932,

Fact to show Nazi policy eccon worked

1934, unemployment had dropped to 3.3 million

Limitations of Nazism straight out of the coup

mein kampf only sells 10 000 copies

party news paper banned

What is Hitler main focus in the wildnerness year

ecconamy - warns about relying on US money

describe weimar as dancing on a volcano