Physics 1: Waves, sound and light notes
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26 Terms
what do waves transfer
energy
what are transverse waves
the particles move at 90 degrees to the direction the wave is travelling
what is the frequency
number of waves passing a point per second
what is the symbol for frequency and how is it measured?
symbol: f
measurement hertz (Hz)
what is the wavelength
the distance between two crests
what is the amplitude
the height of the crest/trough from an undisturbed point
what is the amplitude measured in
meters (m)
what are longitudinal waves
the particles move parallel to the direction in which the wave is travelling
what is the wave equation
wave speed = frequency x wavelength
what does the angle of incidence =
the angle of reflection
how many Hz is human hearing
20 → 20,000Hz
what happens to human hearing
descreases with age
what frequency can dogs and dolphins hear at
above 20,000Hz
what is hearing above 20000 Hz called
ultrasound
give two uses of ultrasound
scanning to diagnose cancer, locating fish
name two things electromagnetic waves do
can travel in a vacuum, are transverse waves
name the order of the electromagnetic specturm
radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultra violet, x ray, gamma ray →
(rats miraculously invaded Vietnam using explosive grenades)
give a use of gamma rays
food industry → kill the surface fungi and bacteria
give a disadvantage of gamma rays
cause cancer
give a use and a disadvantage of x rays
use: scanning cracks in metal
disadvantage: causes cancer
give a use and disadvantage of UV radiation
use: nail lamp
disadvantage: causes cancer
what is the incident ray
the light going towards the mirror
what happens when light waves pass between two transparent substances
the light slows down and the ray bends towards the normal
the light speeds up coming out of the substance and the ray bends away from the normal
how is light refracted
light is refracted when it enters the prism and each colour is refracted (bends) by a different amount
what does it mean when light is refracted
this means that the light leaving the prism is spread out into different colours
what is the process called when light leaving the prism is spread out into different colours
dispersion