Magnetic Fields and Forces

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Last updated 5:15 PM on 4/7/26
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4 Terms

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Magnetic flux density

Magnetic flux density (B) measures the strength and direction of a magnetic field, defined as the amount of magnetic flux (ϕ) passing through a unit area (A) perpendicular to the field.

B = ϕ/A

B = magnetic flux density (measure in T, Tesla)

where ϕ = magnetic flux (measured in webers, Wb)

and A = area (measured in m2)

2
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Magnetic flux patterns due to a long straight wire

B = μ₀I / 2πr

where μ₀ = permeability of free space /Hm-1

I = current/A

r = perperdicular distance from conductor/m

<p>B = μ₀I / 2πr</p><p>where μ₀ = permeability of free space /Hm<sup>-1</sup></p><p>I = current/A</p><p>r = perperdicular distance from conductor/m</p>
3
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Magnetic field produced by a fl at circular coil

B = μ₀NI / 2r

Where N = number of turns

μ₀ = permeability of free space /Hm-1

I = current/A

r = perperdicular distance from conductor/m

<p>B = μ₀NI / 2r</p><p>Where N = number of turns </p><p>μ₀ = permeability of free space /Hm<sup>-1</sup></p><p>I = current/A</p><p>r = perperdicular distance from conductor/m</p>
4
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Magnetic field produced by a long solenoid

B = μ₀nI

where n = number of turns per unit length N/L

μ₀ = permeability of free space /Hm-1

I = current/A

r = perperdicular distance from conductor/m

<p>B = μ₀nI</p><p>where n = number of turns per unit length N/L</p><p>μ₀ = permeability of free space /Hm<sup>-1</sup></p><p>I = current/A</p><p>r = perperdicular distance from conductor/m</p>