Y12 Criminology (WJEC) Unit 2 AC1.1: Crime & Deviance Flashcards

A set of practice flashcards covering court sanctions, the UK court system, and definitions and types of deviance as per WJEC Unit 2 Criminology.

What are custodial sentences and when are they used?

Custodial sentences are prison sentences, including mandatory and life sentences, which are used for serious offences like murder.

What is the purpose of community sentences in the legal system?

Community sentences include some form of work in the community or an order to rehabilitate the offender, such as litter picking, drug testing orders, or anger management.

How many community orders are available for adult versus young offenders?

There are $12$ different orders available for adult offenders and $18$ different orders available for young offenders.

What are fines and for what types of offences are they issued?

Fines are monetary charges or penalties issued for offences such as driving violations, non-payment of bills, or fly tipping.

What does it mean when a court issues a 'discharge'?

A discharge is a dismissal from court where the offender is let go free, often occurring when the offence is not serious and the offender is remorseful or it is a first-time offence.

What characterizes the sentencing power of the Magistrates Court?

The Magistrates Court handles less serious offences and can issue a maximum of up to $6$ months in prison, as well as fines.

What is the sentencing capacity of the Crown Court?

The Crown Court handles more serious offences and has unlimited sentencing powers.

What is the basic definition of deviance?

Deviance is behaviour that goes against the norms and values of society.

How are 'norms' defined in a sociological context?

Norms are social expectations that guide the way society behaves; they differ by country and culture, such as the UK tradition of wearing black for a funeral.

What are 'moral codes' and what is an example of breaking one?

Moral codes are 'good ways' of behaving. Breaking a moral code, such as committing murder or rape, is considered serious in society.

What is the definition and role of 'values' in society?

Values are rules shared by most people in a culture or religion that act as guidelines, such as respecting the elderly, holding doors open, or saying please and thank you.

What is 'admired behaviour' in the context of deviance?

Admired behaviour is a form of deviance that is positive, such as saving a life whilst putting your own at risk.

What is 'odd behaviour' deviance?

Odd behaviour refers to being different by living outside social norms, such as hoarding, having too many pet cats, or being obsessive.

What is 'bad behaviour' deviance?

Bad behaviour involves acts that are seen negatively, such as assaulting a pensioner, punching someone, stealing, or treating someone unkindly.

What are examples of informal sanctions people use to express disapproval of deviance?

Informal sanctions include frowning upon behaviour, name calling, ignoring behaviour, labelling, grounding children, or excluding people from social groups.

When does deviant behaviour result in formal consequences rather than informal sanctions?

Deviant behaviour results in formal consequences, such as prison, when the behaviour is also classified as criminal behaviour, like murder.