PSYC Chapter 5 General Content

What is the '“g” factor of intelligence?

views intelligence as a general factor

What is fluid intelligence?

quickly learning new information

What is crystallized intelligence?

using prior knowledge

What multiple intelligence theory?

suggests that intelligence is not a single ability but a collection of distinct types

What are the eight different type of intelligences in the multiple intelligence theory?

logical-mathematical, linguistic, musical, spacial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic

What is the difference between interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence?

knowledge about relationships between people

knowledge about self

What are some criterion for intelligences?

• potential isolation by brain damage (weak evidence)

  • damage to one part of the brain affects one intelligence but not others

• existence of savants and prodigies

• support from tests of intelligence

  • should not see correlations between scores for different intelligences

What is Sternberg’s Successful Intelligence or The Triarchic Theory?

• Peak- Analytic: processing information (comprehension, comparing/contrasting, evaluating)

• Practical: applications and problem solving

• Creative: new insights, using ideas in new situations, transforming

Contexts: environmental, prior experience, cognitive processes

How is IQ measured?

Wechsler Tests (WAIS, WISC, WPPSI)

Raven’s Progressive Matrices

What are the aspects of Wechsler Tests?

• Verbal (gen. info, comprehension, vocabulary, similarities)

• Visual (block design, visual puzzle)

• Fluid reasoning (matrix reasoning, picture concepts, picture weights)

• Working memory (digit and picture span)

• Processing speed (symbol search, coding)

What does IQ predict?

• School performance (25% of the variance)

• Years of Education (25% of the variance)

• Job Performance (10% of the variance)

• Social Outcomes

What is the current criteria for diagnosing autism?

• persistent deficits in social communication and interaction

• restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior, interest of activities

• viewed on a spectrum

What is the prevalence of autism?

1/36, 4x more prevalent in boys

What are some characteristics of autism?

• sensory and perceptual impairments

• impairments in comprehending affective-social stimuli

• impairments in metacognition/executive control

What are the “causes” of autism?

• parents’ treatment (disproven)

• medical conditions

  • genetic disorders - fragile X syndrome (less than 2%)

• genetics

• advanced age of parents

• toxins/environment?

What some of the legal issues of special education students?

• IEP & least restrictive environment

• parents must grant permission for testing and special ed. placement

• right to fair, nondiscriminatory evaluation

• right to due process

What are gifted and talented students?

Those with high intellectual ability, special talents in one or more areas (no one definition)

What are common characteristics of gifted and talented students?

• high levels of motivation to learn (curiosity)

• independent workers

• high in reasoning and metacognition

• socially and emotionally mature

• good self-esteem

What are some programs that are beneficial to gifted students?

enrichment programs (provide more in-depth projects or instruction in certain areas) and acceleration programs (move through curriculum more quickly