Physiology of the Muscular Systme

Smooth Muscle

unstriated, “involuntary muscle” consists of muscle cells found within the walls of organs and structures such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, etc.

Cardiac muscles

striated, “involuntary muscles”, found in the heart

Skeletal Muscles

“voluntary muscles” is anchored by tendons to the bone and is used to effect skeltal movement

What do the skeletal muscles do

1. Supports the body

2. Aids in movement

3. Maintains temperature throughout the body

4. Circulation - asists with movement of cardiovascular and lymphatic vessels through muscle contractions

5. Protection and join stability - protection of internal organs and stabilization of joints

Type 1 Muscle

slow twitch, oxidative, aerobic. Rich in mitochondria and myoglobin, giving muscle its characteristic red color. (endurance)

Type 2a

aerobic, oxidative. Rich in mitochondria and capillaries, it appears red.

Type 2b

anaerobic, glycotic. Appears white. (sprinter)

Tendon

a strong inelastic cord attaching muscle to bone

Origin

proximal attachment - stays still

Insertion

distal attachment - most moveable bone

When a muscle contracts, the origin ____ the insertion

pulls