biological mechanisms behind SSRIs and Benzodiazepines,

What is the biological assumption regarding serotonin and OCD?

OCD is assumed to be caused by low levels of serotonin, which leads to a failure in regulating mood and anxiety.

Describe the normal process of serotonin "reuptake."

Serotonin is released from the presynaptic neuron, travels across the synapse, and is then reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron to be recycled.

How do SSRIs change the action of serotonin at the synapse?

SSRIs block the reuptake process. This keeps more serotonin in the synaptic cleft for a longer period.

What is the result of SSRIs blocking reuptake?

It makes more serotonin available to stimulate the postsynaptic neuron, which improves the transmission of mood-regulating messages and reduces anxiety.

What is the primary neurotransmitter targeted by Benzodiazepines (BZs)?

GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid).

What kind of effect does GABA have on the brain?

An inhibitory effect; it signals neurons in the brain to slow down or stop firing.

How do Benzodiazepines (BZs) reduce the symptoms of OCD?

They increase GABA activity, which creates a generalized "quietening" effect on the central nervous system.

What is the behavioral result of the "quietening" effect caused by BZs?

It reduces the physical and mental arousal (anxiety) that fuels the repetitive compulsions in OCD.