LAB 15: RATES OF REACTIONS
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45 Terms
Q: What is the rate law equation?
A: Rate = k[A]^m[B]^n
Q: What does [A] and [B] represent?
A: Molarity (concentration)
Q: What does k represent?
A: Rate constant
Q: What do m and n represent?
A: Reaction orders
Q: How do you find m and n?
A: Experimentally
Q: Do coefficients equal exponents in the rate law?
A: No
Q: What are the 4 factors that affect reaction rate?
A: Nature, concentration, temperature, catalyst
Q: Which factors are studied in this lab?
A: Concentration and temperature
Q: What type of reaction is this lab based on?
A: Iodine clock reaction
Q: What is the initial color of the solution?
A: Clear/colorless
Q: What is the final color of the solution?
A: Blue/black
Q: What causes the blue color?
A: Iodine reacting with starch
Q: What signals the reaction is complete?
A: First appearance of blue color
Q: How is rate related to time?
A: Rate ∝ 1/time
Q: Why do we use 1/time?
A: Because shorter time = faster reaction
Q: What starts the reaction?
A: Adding Solution 2
Q: When do you start the timer?
A: When Solution 2 is added
Q: When do you stop the timer?
A: At first appearance of blue color
Q: What is added before Solution 2?
A: Solution 1, water, and starch
Q: What is the correct order of adding chemicals?
A: Solution 1 → water → starch → Solution 2
Q: Why should solutions not be mixed early?
A: It would start the reaction too soon
Q: What changes between trials A–E?
A: Amount of Solution 1 (concentration)
Q: What stays constant?
A: Total volume
Q: How is total volume kept constant?
A: By adding distilled water
Q: Why must total volume stay constant?
A: To isolate the effect of concentration
Q: What happens to rate when temperature increases?
A: Rate increases
Q: Rule of thumb for temperature?
A: Increase of 10°C doubles rate
Q: What happens to reaction time when temperature increases?
A: Time decreases
Q: What 3 things are required for a reaction to occur?
A:
Collision
Enough energy
Correct orientation
Q: Which factor is affected by temperature increase?
A: Kinetic energy
Q: What is a reaction mechanism?
A: Step-by-step process of a reaction
Q: What is the rate-determining step?
A: The slowest step
Q: What is used as “rate” in this lab?
A: 1 / average time
Q: How do you calculate average time?
A: (trial 1 + trial 2) / 2
Q: What graph is made?
A: ln[IO₃⁻] vs time
Q: What is Solution 1?
A: Potassium iodate (KIO₃)
Q: What is Solution 2?
A: Sodium bisulfite (NaHSO₃)
Q: What ion comes from KIO₃?
A: IO₃⁻
Q: What ion comes from NaHSO₃?
A: HSO₃⁻
Q: Does stoichiometry determine reaction order?
A: No
Q: Why is starch added?
A: To detect iodine (color change)
Q: Why is the color change abrupt?
A: Rapid formation of iodine-starch complex
Q: Why is careful observation needed?
A: Color change can be faint
Q: How many temperature trials are done?
A: 3 (high, room, low)
Q: Is water added in temperature trials?
A: No