science exam

What are the three main original idea ideas of the cell theory?

1. All living things consist of cells

2. Cells are the basic unit of life

3. All cells come from pre-existing cells

Cell Wall

Thicker than a cell membrane also a protective outer layer

Chloroplast

Produces food by converting light energy into sugar that cells can use (unique to plant cells)

Vacuole

Storage bins where food, nutrients, and waste are left

Mitochondria

The cell powerhouse where the nutrients are digested and energy is created for the cell. Responsible for cellular respiration.

Cytoplasm

The fluid of dissolved molecules that fills the cell and suspends the organelles

Cell membrane

Flexible material that holds the parts of the cell together

Nucleus

Cell brain command centre that controls cell activity

Animal cells only

Lysosome

Both

Cell membrane, vacuole, mitochondria, ribosome, rough and smooth ER, golgi body, cytoplasm

Plant cells only

Cell wall

Diffusion

Diffusion is the process of particles moving from a high concentrated area to a low concentrated area. It is caused by the constant, random movement of particles.

Example of diffusion

Tea bag: The tea bag begins in a highly concentrated area, but when the hot water is added, the particles begin to move faster, creating less concentration. This also changes the color of the tea.

What are unicellular organisms

Unicellular organisms are organisms that only contain one cell. The one cell carries out life processes alone like metabolism, excretion, reproduction. This includes Algae, bacteria, and fungi. When they eat, they take the shape of their food.

What are multicellular organisms?

Multicellular organisms are a living thing that contains more than one cell. Different cells have different jobs depending on each other. The cells that make up living things in a multicellular organisms work together to make sure the cells all work properly and effectively.