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Strychnos nox vomica; strychnine; indole alkaloids; Family: Loganaiceae

Strychnine

Strychnos

Glycine

Yellow jasmine or Gelsemium sempervirens (Carolina jessamine): gelsemine; family: Gelsemiaceae

Cicuta virosa; cowbane or water hemlock; family: Apiaceae

Conium maculatum; true or poison hemlock; family: Apiaceae

Oenanthe crocata; hemlock water dropwort; family: Apiaceae

Cicutoxin; from Cicuta virosa; is a polyacetylenic alcohol, “water hemlocks”

Oenanthotoxin; in Oenanthe crocata; is a polyacetylenic alcohol “water hemlocks”

Oenanthe crocata; hemlock water dropwort

risus sardonicus

forced smiles…water hemlock dropwort

Serotonin or 5-HT

Dopamine

Functions: Reward (motivation), pleasure, euphoria, motor function (fine tuning), compulsion, perseveration

Dopamine pathways; mainly frontal cortex

Function: mood, memory processing, sleep, cognition

Serotonin pathways

Noradrenaline + serotonin

Involved in depression (low levels)

Dopamine and Serotonin

central to treating psychosis

Ibogaine, “indole alkaloid”

Iboga; family: Apocynaceae

mescalinel found in peyote cactus; hallucinations

Peyote cactus; family: cactaceae (Lophophora williamsii)

Harmine; found in Ayahuasca-Malpighiaceae

Ayahuasca drink

ayahuasca vine (harmine) + chacruna (Dimethyltryptamine)

Ayahuasca-Malpighiaceae (Banisteriopsis cappi)

Ipomoea tricolor; hallucinogenic effects; family: Convolvulaceae (sweet potato family)

Ergometrine (found in ipoemea tricolor)

LSD (ipoemea tricolor)

Mandragora; family: Solanaceae

Atropa belladonna (bella donna= beautiful lady); family: Solanaceae

Cocaine; tropane alkaloid, CNS stimulant

Coca plant; erythroxylum coca; Family: erythroxylaceae

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