12. L

Ruth was having difficulty taking a deep breath, and her chest x-ray showed accumulation of fluid in her pleural spaces. Dr. Smith ordered ______ to relieve the pressure on her lungs.

thoracentesis

Dr. Wong used her stethoscope to perform ______ on the patient's chest.

auscultation

Before making a decision to perform surgery on Mrs. Hope, an 80-year-old woman with lung cancer, her physicians ordered ______ to determine the functioning of her lungs.

PFTs

Sylvia produced yellow-colored sputum and had a high fever. Her physician told her that she probably had ______ and needed antibiotics.

pneumonia

The night before her thoracotomy for lung biopsy, Mrs. White was told by her anesthesiologist that he would place a/an ______ down her throat to keep her airway open during surgery.

endotracheal tube

Early in her pregnancy, Sonya had a routine ______ that revealed a/an ______ mass in the area between her lungs. After delivery of her child, the mass was removed, and biopsy revealed a malignant thymoma (tumor of the thymus gland).

CXR; mediastinal

Five-year-old Seth was allergic to cats and experienced wheezing, coughing, and difficult breathing at night when he was trying to sleep. After careful evaluation by a ______, his parents were told that Seth had ______ involving inflammation of his ______.

pulmonologist; asthma; bronchial tubes

Six-year-old Daisy had a habit of picking her nose. During the winter months, heat in her family's house caused drying of her nasal ______ membranes. She had frequent bouts of ______.

mucous; epistaxis

Seventy-five-year-old Beatrice had been a pack-a-day smoker all of her adult life. Over the previous 3 months she noticed a persistent cough, weight loss, blood in her sputum ______, and dyspnea. A chest CT scan revealed a mass. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of ______, which is a type of ______ lung cancer.

hemoptysis; adenocarcinoma; non-small cell

Carrie's lungs were normal at birth, but thick bronchial secretions soon blocked her ______, which became inflamed. She was losing weight, and tests revealed inadequate amounts of pancreatic enzymes necessary for digestion of fats and proteins. Her pediatrician diagnosed her hereditary condition as ______.

bronchioles; cystic fibrosis