Skin & Eye infections
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65 Terms
The skin acts as a __________ barrier that protects the body from pathogens
Physical
What is desquamation?
The shedding of skin cells that helps remove microbes
Why does the skin help prevent infection?
It blocks microbes and sheds them off
What protects the eyes from infection?
Tears and blinking
What is the function of tears?
To wash away microbes and debris
Why are eyes easily infected?
They are delicate and exposed to contamination
Which body site has many temporary microbes?
Hands
Why do hands have many microbes?
They frequently touch surfaces
The back has a more __________ microbiome
Stable
Why is the microbiome on the back stable?
It is less exposed to the environment
Why do the feet have more microbes?
They are warm and moist
The eyes have __________ microbes
Few
Why do the eyes have few microbes?
Tears constantly clean them
What is the general rule for microbial growth on the body?
Moist areas have more microbes
How do microorganisms enter the body?
Through cuts, wounds, or damaged tissue
What do microbes use to attach to host cells?
Adhesion factors
What do toxins and enzymes do in infection?
Damage host tissues
What is a biofilm?
A protective layer of microbes
Why are biofilms important in infection?
They make microbes resistant to antibiotics
How do capsules help bacteria survive?
They help avoid the immune system
What are the 4 main signs of inflammation?
Redness, heat, swelling, pain
What does pus indicate?
A bacterial infection
What are common symptoms of skin infections?
Redness, swelling, pain, pus, lesions, peeling
What are common symptoms of eye infections?
Redness, discharge, blurred vision, irritation
Name the most common bacterial pathogens of skin infections
Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes
Name common bacterial pathogens of eye infections
Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chlamydia trachomatis
Why does Staphylococcus aureus cause pus?
It kills white blood cells
What types of infections does Staphylococcus aureus cause
Pus-filled infections like abscesses and boils
What is scalded skin syndrome?
A condition where skin becomes red and peels due to toxins
What does Streptococcus pyogenes do?
It spreads quickly and damages tissue
What serious disease does Streptococcus pyogenes cause?
Necrotizing fasciitis
What is necrotizing fasciitis?
A flesh-eating disease that destroys tissue
What infections are caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Hot tub rash and swimmer’s ear
What is a key sign of Pseudomonas infection?
Blue-green pus
How does Pseudomonas damage tissue?
It produces toxins and enzymes
What virus commonly causes conjunctivitis?
Adenovirus
What virus can remain latent in the body?
Herpes simplex virus
What does latent mean?
The virus stays in the body and can reactivate later
What are characteristics of viral infections?
Watery discharge, redness, highly contagious
What is a key difference between viral and bacterial infections?
Viral infections are watery, bacterial infections produce pus
Name the dermatophytes that cause skin infections
Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton
What is Candida albicans?
A normal microbiota that can overgrow and cause infection
Where do fungal infections commonly occur?
Warm, moist areas
What is tinea?
Ringworm, a circular rash
What is tinea versicolor?
A fungal infection that causes skin discoloration
When does Candida cause infection?
When it overgrows
What parasite commonly infects the eye in contact lens users?
Acanthamoeba
What symptoms does Acanthamoeba cause?
Pain, redness, blurred vision
What is Loa loa?
A worm that moves under the skin or eye
What symptoms does Loa loa cause?
Swelling and discomfort
Are parasitic infections common or rare?
Rare