Basic Principles of Tooth Extraction (Diş Çekimi Temel Prensipleri)

This set covers indications, contraindications, biomechanics, instruments, complications, and postoperative care for basic tooth extractions.

Indication: Advanced Caries

A condition where tooth decay is so extensive that extraction is required.

Indication: Periodontal Destruction

A reason for tooth extraction involving the loss of supporting structures of the tooth.

Contraindication: Uncontrolled Diabetes

A systemic condition that must be managed before extraction due to risks like delayed wound healing and increased infection.

MRONJ Risk

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw associated with the use of Bisphosphonates or Anti-Resorptive drugs.

Anamnesis

The medical and dental history taken during patient evaluation, including drug inquiries.

Luxation (Mobilization)

The biomechanical process of separating periodontal ligament ($PDL$) fibers and expanding the socket with an elevator to create initial mobility.

Rotation

A biomechanical movement specifically effective for single-rooted, conical teeth; it is a specialized application of luxation.

Traction (Avulsion)

The application of controlled vertical force to remove the tooth from the alveolar socket after sufficient mobility is achieved.

Elevators (Luxators)

Instruments such as the Cryer Elevator (Left/Right) used for mobilizing the tooth or roots.

Upper Incisor Forceps

Specifically designed dental forceps ($Davyeler$) used for extracting upper front teeth.

Lower Molar Forceps

Forceps designed for the extraction of mandibular large molars (Alt Büyük Azı).

Periotome

An auxiliary instrument used in simple tooth extractions for severing periodontal fibers.

Intraoperative Complication: Sinus Perforation

A complication that occurs during the extraction of upper molars.

Intraoperative Complication: Mandibular Fracture

An injury during extraction that occurs notably in patients with an atrophic jaw.

Alveolitis

Also known as Dry Socket, an early postoperative complication.

Trismus

An early postoperative complication characterized by difficulty or inability to open the mouth normally.

Oroantral Fistula

A late-term complication that develops as a result of an unresolved sinus perforation.

Postoperative Tampon Management

The sterile gauze should be bitten for $30-45$ minutes to control bleeding.

Secondary Hemorrhage Rule

Spitting and gargling should not be done for the first $24$ hours postoperative to prevent bleeding.

Post-extraction Diet

Nothing should be eaten for the first $2-3$ hours; followed by soft, warm foods while avoiding spicy or hot items.

Postoperative Smoking Restriction

Smoking should be avoided for at least $72$ hours, ideally for $1$ week, to ensure proper healing.