1/11
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
OIL RIG
Oxidation is Loss, Reduction is Gain
Exergonic reactions
energy is released, breakdown of organic molecules
C6H12O6 —> CO2 + Energy released
Endergonic reactions
Energy gained
ADP + Energy —> ATP
Cellular respiration
glucose + oxygen —> carbon monoxide + water + energy
Glycolysis
pyruvate oxidation
citric acid cycle
Electron phosphorylation
NADH in Cell resp - steps
glucose oxidized
NAD+ is a coenzyme electron carrier
dehydrogenases remove a pair of hydrogen atoms from the substrate
NAD+ becomes NADH by picking up 2 electrons and 1 hydrogen ion
The hydrogen is released
Oxidative phosphorylation
powered by redox reactions
90% of ATP is formed this way
substrate level phosphorylation
some ATP is directly made
uses glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
glycolysis
start w/ glucose
end with pyruvate
make NADH and ATP along the way
when there isn’t enough oxygen pyruvate becomes lactic acid
pyruvate oxidation
oxidation of pyruvate’s carboxyl group, releasing first CO2 of cellular respiration
reduction of NAD+ to NADH+H+
attach two carbon fragment (acetate) w/ coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA
Citric Acid Cycle
Acetyl CoA joins the cycle by combining with oxaloacetate, forming citrate
7 steps to decompose citrate back to oxaloacetate
produced NADH, H, FADH2, 1 ATP and CO2
Electrion transport
energy released as electrons are passed down the electron transport chain
ATP and H2O produced, NAD+ and FAD produced
electron transport chain pumps H+ out of the mitochondrial matrix and into the intermembrane space
H+ moves down it’s concentration gradient back across the membrane
H+ causes rotor of ATP synthase to spin in a way that catalyzes phosphorylation of ADP to ATP
(basically oxidative phosphorylation)
Fermentation and anaerobic respiration
ATP produced without oxygen
H+ pulled off of glucose
NAD becomes NADH+
Without oxygen H+ can’t be given to electron transport system so NADH+ makes lactic acid or alcohol