L18 Antibody discovery and optimisation

Binding affinity formula

Binding assay titrations slide 1

Binding assay titrations slide 2

Binding assays - fluorescence titrations

Affinity and avidity

Essentially need to note that antibodies have 2 binding sites

Generation of monoclonal antibodies using mice hybridomas

Issue with mouse hybridoma method

Since they generate mouse antibodies, they are highly likely to generate an immune response

Chimeric and humanised antibodies

Transgenic mice

They produce human antibodies directly due to gene modifcations

Strategies to generate antibody fragments

Generating antibody fragemtns using PCR

Display techniques to select ScFvs (single-chain variable fragments)

Methods of antibody discovery - structure based method

Methods of antibody discovery - empirical approaches

Methods of antibody discovery - using libraries