AfP 2023 flashcards

Corticospinal tract disease effect

Causes hemiparesis

Rifampin side effect

Causes orange urine

Beta-blockers contraindication

Mobitz II 2nd degree heart block

Sciatic nerve location

Passes inferior to piriformis

Verapamil action

Blocks calcium channels in AV node

Tendon healing

Mobilization promotes fibroblast differentiation

Hypokalaemia effect on cardiac depolarisation

Lengthens depolarisation time

GERD common cause

Pregnancy

H. pylori metaplasia interleukin

IL-1ß

Peanut aspiration location

Right middle & lower bronchi

Artificial sweeteners-kidney cancer study design

Case-control study

Hand laceration treatment protocol

Provide treatment before discussing with senior colleague

Study bias due to favourable prognosis selection

Length-time bias

Hypercalcaemia symptoms

Bone pain, renal stones, psychological disturbance

H. pylori infection test

Urea breath test 13C

Cushing Syndrome presentation

Short stature, high BMI

Cryptococcus neoformans infection

Meningitis

Herpes Simplex Virus complication

Encephalitis

Sickle cell disease inheritance difference

Variable expression

Immediate offer to sickle cell patient

Pneumococcus vaccine

Clinical trial p-value interpretation

Probability result occurred by chance is 3%

Bleeding gums vitamin deficiency

Vitamin C

Omeprazole mechanism of action

Proton pump inhibitor

Macrocytic anemia cause

Likely vitamin B12 deficiency

Omeprazole

Proton pump inhibitor mechanism of action

Macrocytic anemia

Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms

Celiac disease

Small intestine villi blunting diagnosis

Acute myocardial infarction

Initial management with aspirin

Nephrotic syndrome

Feature: Proteinuria >3.5 g/day

Metronidazole

Antibiotic causing disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol

Parathyroid hormone

Regulates blood calcium levels

Graves' disease

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism

Wernicke's encephalopathy

Confusion, ataxia, ophthalmoplegia in chronic alcohol use

Obesity

Risk factor for endometrial carcinoma

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Sudden headache, vomiting, neck stiffness diagnosis

Needle decompression

Primary treatment for tension pneumothorax

Myasthenia gravis

Ptosis, muscle fatigue, improves with rest

Chronic pancreatitis

Most common cause: Alcohol abuse

Renal artery stenosis

Most common cause of secondary hypertension

Pyelonephritis

Fever, chills, right flank pain, pyuria, bacteriuria

Indomethacin

First-line treatment for acute gout

CT pulmonary angiography

Test for diagnosing pulmonary embolism

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Most common cause of acute bacterial meningitis in adults

Epinephrine

Treatment of choice for anaphylaxis

Tuberculosis

Hemoptysis, night sweats, cavitary lesions in lungs

Heberden's nodes

Characteristic feature of osteoarthritis

Pulmonary embolism

Sudden dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain in DVT history

Hypertensive nephropathy

Common complication of chronic hypertension

Biliary obstruction

Jaundice, dark urine, elevated conjugated bilirubin

Basal cell carcinoma

Most common type of skin cancer

Resting tremor

Hallmark of Parkinson's disease

Hepatitis B

Fatigue, weight loss, abdominal pain, positive HBsAg diagnosis