Peds - 20 - Oncology & Limb Deficiency

easy bleeding or bruising

a unique red flag to leukemias is ___________

pruritus (itching)

a unique red flag to lymphoma is ___________

• enlarged lymph nodes

• night sweats

• fatigue

• unexplained weight loss

• fever

red flags for both leukemias and lymphomas: (5)

• intermittent pain worse at night

• swelling

• altered gait / decr ROM

red flags for sarcomas: (3)

• headache

• vomiting

• vision, speech, or hearing changes

• worsening balance

• unsteady gait

• unusual sleepiness

• weakness

red flags for brain and CNS tumors: (7)

acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL and acute myeloblastic leukemia AML

the two types of pediatric leukemia are ________ and _________

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

________________ is the rapid proliferation of nonfunctional leukocytes

lymphoblastic

acute __________ leukemia is very treatable and has a high survival rate

2-5

acute lymphoblastic leukemia is most frequent at age/s _____

< 3 yo

acute myeloblastic leukemia is most frequent at age/s _____

myeloblastic

acute __________ leukemia is less common, more severe, and causes severe immunocompromise

acute myeloblastic leukemia

________________ is the rapid proliferation of other blood cells like granulocytes and monocytes

hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-hodgkin’s lymphoma

the two main types of pediatric lymphomas are ____________ and _____________

hodgkin’s

(hodgkin’s/non-hodgkin’s) lymphoma is caused by abnormal B-lymphocytes

non-hodgkin’s

(hodgkin’s/non-hodgkin’s) lymphoma impacts both B- and T-lymphocytes

hodgkin’s

(hodgkin’s/non-hodgkin’s) lymphoma has a higher survival rate

adolescents

hodgkin’s lymphoma is more common and has rising rates in ____________ age

you’re doing so great :)

just wanted to let you know:

peripheral neuropathy

some chemotherapies can cause ____________ so it’s important to check sensation depending on their chemo drug

1. conditioning

2. transplantation

3. recovery

the three stages of a bone marrow transplant are:

high dose chemo and/or radiation

in the conditioning phase of BMT, ___________________ is used to kill of existing bone marrow and cancer cells

healthy bone marrow

in the transplantation phase of BMT, __________ is reintroduced via a central venous catheter

infection, engraftment

in the recovery phase of BMT, it is important to monitor response to BMT, prevent ___________ and support __________ for production of new blood cells

autologous, allogenic

the two possible types of donors for BMT are _________ and ________

autologous

___________ BMT donors and self-donors when healthy bone marrow is harvested pre-treatment and then implanted

allogenic

___________ BMT donors are either a related or unrelated donor, with related donors being a better match with a reduced risk of rejection

graft vs host disease GVHD

__________________ is an immune response to BMT transplant tissue that can be life threatening, with an onset usually within the first 100 days

high dose steroids

GVHD is treated with ___________ to reduce immune response

• fever

• skin rash

• diarrhea, vomiting, bloody stool

• jaundice/liver failure

signs of GVHD: (4)

whites of eyes

the easiest place to see and check for jaundice is the _________-

• white blood cells: <5k AND FEVER

• platelets: <20k

• hemoglobin: <8

blood parameters for NO aerobic exercise:

• white blood cells: _________ cells/mm3

• platelets: _________ cells/mm3

• hemoglobin: __________ g/dl

• white blood cells: >5k

• platelets: 20-50k

• hemoglobin: 8-10

blood parameters for light aerobic exercise:

• white blood cells: _________ cells/mm3

• platelets: _________ cells/mm3

• hemoglobin: __________ g/dl

• white blood cells: >5k

• platelets: >50k

• hemoglobin: >8

blood parameters for resistance exercise:

• white blood cells: _________ cells/mm3

• platelets: _________ cells/mm3

• hemoglobin: __________ g/dl

internal bleeding

if platelets are too low, there is a risk for _________

decr oxygenation, anoxic event

if hemoglobin is too low, there is a risk for _________

sarcomas

________ are solid tumors from muscle, bone, cartilage, and fat

• rhabdomyosarcoma (muscle)

• ewing’s sarcoma (bone and soft tissue)

• OSTEOSARCOMA (bone)

the most common types of sarcomas are: (3)

RAPIDLY PROGRESSING

CNS/PNS tumors can be ____________ and have variable survival rates

growth plate

osteosarcomas come from bone cells are are typically found at the __________

chemo, SURGERY, radiation

the three possible treatments for osteosarcomas are: (3)

• amputation

• limb salvage

• rotationplasty

the three possible surgical options for osteosarcomas are:

rotationplasty

a ___________ is when a section of the lower extremity is removed and the ankle and foot is preserved and attached to the femur rotated 180 to become a new “knee”

congenital, acquired

limb deficiencies are either ________ or _________

congenital

_______ limb deficiencies are present at birth and can be caused by genetic conditions, vascular restrictions, teratogens, or amniotic band syndrome

aquired

_______ limb deficiencies develop after birth and can be caused by trauma, growth plates, fractures, cancer, or infection

transverse

amniotic band syndrome can cause ______ limb loss because of complete blood loss to the constrained limb/area

amelia

this limb deficiency would be considered ___________

intercalary defect

this limb deficiency would be considered ___________

terminal transverse defect

this limb deficiency would be considered ___________

preaxial longitudinal defect

this limb deficiency would be considered ___________

central longitudinal defect

this limb deficiency would be considered ___________

post axial longitudinal defect

this limb deficiency would be considered ___________

pre and post axial longitudinal defect

this limb deficiency would be considered ___________

amelia

the complete absence of all segments is called _________

intercalary

________ limb deficiencies are when there is absence or hypoplasia of part of the limb, while terminal limb segments remain normal

preaxial, axial (central), postaxial

the three types of longitudinal limb deficiencies are ___________, __________, and __________

preaxial

_________ longitudinal limb deficiencies are radial, tibial, or first digit/toe

axial / central

_________ longitudinal limb deficiencies are hand / foot only, third ray involved; usually involves a split hand/foot

postaxial

_________ longitudinal limb deficiencies are fifth digits/toes involved

proximal femoral focal

___________ deficiency is when the foot is at the height of the uninvolved knee, with a very shortened thich and severe leg length discrepancies

12-18 months

pediatric patients get new prosthetics every ___-____

ARE

pediatric prosthetics (are/are not) considered DME

knee

pediatric prosthetics don’t have complicated _____ joints until the child is older since kids walk with straight legs at first anyways

functional mobility assessment FMA

the ____________________ is an outcome used for bone sarcomas as well as amputations

child amputee prosthetics project functional status inventory CAPP-FSI

the ___________________ is an outcome that measures both with and without prosthesis

limits their function

a UE prosthesis may be avoided if it _____________