Chemistry in Cosmetology
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Flashcards covering key concepts in chemistry relevant to cosmetology.
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35 Terms
The science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter.
Chemistry.
Anything that occupies space and has mass.
Matter.
The simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Element.
The smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element.
Atom.
The three main parts of an atom.
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Two or more atoms chemically joined together.
Molecule.
A chemical combination of two or more different atoms.
Compound.
A change in the chemical composition of a substance.
Chemical change.
A change in the form or physical properties of a substance without forming a new substance.
Physical change.
A physical combination of two or more substances.
Mixture.
A stable mixture where the solute is evenly distributed in the solvent.
Solution.
The substance that is dissolved.
Solute.
The substance that dissolves another substance.
Solvent.
A mixture of two or more substances that are not evenly mixed.
Suspension.
A mixture of two immiscible substances that are held together with an emulsifier.
Emulsion.
The potential hydrogen that measures acidity or alkalinity.
pH.
pH scale range
0 to 14.
Neutral on the pH scale.
7.
Acidic pH range
0 to 6.9.
Alkaline pH range
7.1 to 14.
A substance that has a pH below 7.
Acid.
A substance with a pH above 7.
Alkaline substance.
A substance with a pH above 7.
Base.
A chemical reaction that combines oxygen with another substance.
Oxidation.
The removal of oxygen from a substance.
Reduction.
A chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons.
Oxidation-reduction reaction.
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction.
Catalyst.
A permanent wave that processes at room temperature.
Alkaline wave.
As an oxidizing agent in hair coloring.
Hydrogen peroxide in cosmetology.
To open the hair cuticle.
Ammonia in hair color.
A product with a pH between 4.5 and 5.5.
Acid-balanced product.
Neutral.
Pure water on the pH scale.
They neutralize each other.
Mixing an acid and an alkaline.
When an acid and base combine to form water and salt.
Neutralization reaction.
It helps understand how products affect hair, skin, and nails.
Importance of chemistry in cosmetology.