NEUR305 - cerebellum

the cerebellu has __ the number of total neurons

1/2

what is the major function of the cerebellum?

analyze errors between intended motor output and actual motor output

damage to the right hemisphere of the frontal cortex would mean the cerebellum lacks input about which side of the body

left

the cerebellum gets __ information from the peripheral nervous system

ipsilateral

cortical input

indirectly via pontine nucleus and inferior olive contralateral projection

spintal and brainstem input

ipsilateral projection

if a patient has left cerebellar damage, they will exhibit deficits on

the left side of the body

spinocerebellum

muscle tone and coordination

cerebrocerebellum

motor planning, learning, and memory

vestibulocerebellum

balance, postural adjustments, coordination of eye movements

granule cell axons

bifurcate into parallel fibers that run longitudinally

parallel fibers excite

purkinje cells

basket cells and stellate cells inhibit

purkinje cells

climbing fibers (from inferior olive) excite

individual purkinje cells

mossy fibers from brainstem nuclei (ie pontine nuclei) excite

granule cells (most abundant type of cell in the cerebellum)

purkinje cells

only output of all motor coordination in the cerebellum

inhibits cells of deep cerebellar nuclei

synchronization in inferior olivary neurons activate

purkinje cells and activate motor cortex to perform coordinated movement

linked by gap junctions (electrical)(coupled oscillators)

what cell type forms parallel running finbers

granule cells

__ may be involved in word-association tasks

right cerebellum

cerebellar cognitive executive syndrome

cognitive function deficits (planning, abstract reasoning, working memory)

difficulties with language

disinhibited and inappropriate behaviors (personality changes)

inability to comprehend social boundaries

exact symptoms based on lesion location within cerebellum

patients with cerebellar leisons who attempt to make regular tapping movements with their hands

have irregular rhythm with variable duration and force

medial cerebellar lesions interfere with

accurate execution of the response

lateral cerebellar lesions interfere with

timing of serial events

basal ganglia loops

gating and initiation of movement, selecting which motor plan to use (direct path) and which to suppress (indirect path)

cerebellum

movement error correction, motor skill learning