CH 3 STRAYER [4TH EDITION] (UNIT 2: 1200-1450)

SILK ROAD

Trade routes that connected China and the Middle East across Central Asia. Commodities along the Silk Road included silk, porcelain, etc.

SAMARKAND

an oasis town along the silk roads in central Asia

Zheng He

Chinese naval explorer during the Ming Dynasty who led a series of state voyages (that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa.)

Neo-Confucianism

A philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements.

Indian Ocean Trade Network

Sea-based exchange routes that connected Africa, the Middle East, India, and Southeast Asia. Commodities include spices, cotton, etc.

Astrolabe

An instrument used by sailors to determine the ship's location at sea (latitude)

Arab Dhow

Arab ships used in Indian Ocean - had triangular sails (lateen) that allowed them to sail in the wind

Chinese junks

best ships in the world during Tang/Song/Ming era

Srivijaya

A maritime empire that held the Strait of Malacca; also became center of Buddhism

Malacca

Flourishing trading city in Malaya; established a trading empire after the fall of Shrivijaya.

City-states on Swahili Coast

An East African civilization that emerged in the eighth century C.E. from a blending of Bantu, Islamic, and other Indian Ocean trade elements.

Camel Saddle

Seat which gives camel riders more stability on the animal; its invention traveled along the Trans-Saharan Caravan Trade Route.

Camel Caravans

Used to travel across deserts in Trans-Saharan trade and Silk Road

Magnetic Compass

Chinese invention that aided navigation by showing which direction was north

Monsoon winds

Seasonal winds, which carried ships on the Indian Ocean between India and Africa

Trans-Saharan Trade

Trade route that connected North and West Africa that traded for gold and salt

Paper money

Legal currency issued on paper; it developed in China as a convenient alternative to metal coins

Great Zimbabwe

A powerful state in the African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast (flourished between 1250 and 1350 C.E.)

Ibn Battuta

Muslim traveler, who wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands, including Africa

Mali

West African kingdoms that built wealth and power through the trans-Saharan trade of salt and gold

Bills of Exchange

a written order to a person requiring the person to make a specified payment to the signatory or to a named payee