Diversity in the Workplace- Exam 1

Quizzes 1-8

When it comes to attracting and retaining employees from various backgrounds

if an organization develops a reputation for valuing all types of workers, this will increase the organization's ability to compete for employees

Law professor Kimberley Crenshaw pointed to the U.S. court system’s unwillingness to consider the multidimensionality of Black women’s experiences that results from the combination of race and sex discrimination. This is an example of what concept?

Intersectionality

Individual benefits of working and learning in diverse environments that have been documented by researchers include:

being more open to the perspective of others

One advantage to being an inclusive organization is that it can help the organization compete for which types of employees?

The best employees from all backgrounds

If a man identifies as male and this is consistent with their sex assigned at birth, which of the following terms would describe that person?

Cisgender

Which statement accurately describes research on the performance of diverse groups compared with homogeneous groups?

Over time, the performance of diverse groups exceeds the performance of homogeneous groups

Which of the following is a negative outcome that may arise from increased diversity?

Discrimination

What are identity groups?

Collectivities people use to categorize themselves and others

What term refers to one’s position in the economic system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in industrial societies?

Social class

The term “ethnicity” refers to:

a shared national origin or a shared cultural heritage

Which of the following would be considered a dominant group?

Native-born

Which of the following is true regarding discrimination?

Discrimination serves to limit the social and political opportunities of the members of a particular group

Stereotypes:

are the over-generalizations of characteristics to large human groups

A hiring manager believes that women are incompetent at work and makes statements to this effect but also makes statements that indicate women must be protected. He is exhibiting:

ambivalent sexism

Which of the following would be considered an example of surface-level diversity?

Race

Which of the following best describes structured interviews?

 A series of job-related questions, with predetermined answers, that are consistently applied across all interviews for a particular job

Social identity is:

the part of a person's self-concept that derives from membership in a particular social group

Which of the following is true of age and diversity at work?

At times, younger workers are preferred over older workers

Which individuals are most likely to reduce their use of biased judgments?

People who are motivated

Attribution error:

is the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when evaluating the behavior of others

Which of the following is true of age discrimination in employment?

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) prohibits employment discrimination against persons over the age of 40

The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act:

restored the pre-Ledbetter position of the EEOC that which each paycheck that is discriminatory, a new clock starts

Bona fide occupational qualifications (BFOQs):

refer to situations in which an employer may legally require employees be of a certain sex, religion, or age

Under the Americans with Disabilities Act:

employers may only ask about applicants' ability to perform specific job functions

The Equal Pay Act of 1963:

is credited with helping to reduce the pay gap between men and women

To prevent sexual harassment:

there should be multiple ways to file a report if harassment occurs

Disparate impact:

occurs when an apparently neutral policy has a negative effect on the employment of people belonging to protected classes

Under Title VII:

people with no religious beliefs are provided protection from employment-related discrimination

Disparate treatment:

occurs when an employee or applicant is treated differently because of membership in a protected class

Which of the following is true of sexual harassment?

Sexual harassment results in physical and psychological damage for those who are harassed

Glass walls are:

barriers that confine minorities and women to certain positions within organizations

Statistical discrimination:

refers to the use of observable characteristics as proxies for information about the productivity of workers

Glass ceilings and glass walls are likely to be strengthened by all of these practices except:

providing mentoring opportunities for women and minorities

Discrimination against customers:

can result in lost business from customers from diverse backgrounds

Steve is an African American male. When he meets coworkers of a different race, he mirrors the behaviors and norms of the White individuals in the workplace. What strategy is Steve using?

Codeswitching

Due to implicit bias in healthcare, what has been found to increase the life expectancy of African Americans within a community?

Black physicians

The African American population:

is about 14% of the U.S. population

Research investigating relationships between firm size and employment hiring practices suggests that:

larger firms are more likely to have formal hiring practices and structured interviews than smaller firms are

Differences in Black/White accumulation of wealth are not influenced by:

compulsory mortgage loan approvals for credit-worthy Blacks

Which of the following statements is not true about the sexual harassment of Black women?

In the past, Black women were likely overrepresented in cases of sexual harassment, but they are now currently underrepresented

In investigating Hispanic representation in managerial and professional occupations, researchers found that:

Hispanics are poorly represented in management and professional occupations relative to their representation in the U.S. population

English-only rules are justified:

When safety is a concern

Traditionally, which group of people have been included in the term “Hispanic” but not in the term “Latino”?

Those from Spain

Hispanic immigrants:

are sometimes exploited by employers due to their immigrant status

Providing language assistance to employees:

contributes to employee safety

Which of the following is not true of bilingualism?

Training managers to speak Spanish is counter-productive for employers

In terms of race and ethnicity:

Hispanics can experience discrimination based on color as well as ethnicity

Racial profiling and customer abuse and mistreatment:

partly result from poor management practices and a lack of supervision

Which of the following is true about immigrant workers?

Some employers prefer immigrant workers because of their tolerance of lower wages

English-only rules are illegal when they are imposed during what times of the day?

Non-work

Immigration laws that affected Asians:

excluded the Chinese Exclusion Act

Which of the following is true of Asian women at work in the United States?

Asian women are more likely to work in the computer and electronic product manufacturing industry than in any other single industry

Asian Americans’ employment experiences:

include being steered to jobs deemed appropriate for them

Which is true of the relationship between Asians and diversity efforts?

Asians participated in the civil rights movement of the 1960s

Which of the following is true regarding the internment of people believed to be a threat to national security during World War II?

People who had at least one-eighth Japanese ancestry were included

In terms of workforce participation and education, which of the following is true?

Asian women earn more than all other types of women

In research on the effects of having an Asian or White name in selection decisions:

Chinese applicants received the lowest suitability ratings compared to White or Indian applicants

Asians tend to be stereotyped as:

being good at math

Which of the following is true of Asians?

Asians are subject to access and treatment discrimination

Which of the following is true of White and Chinese railroad workers in the 1800s?

Chinese workers were paid less than White European workers

During World War II:

people of Italian and German descent were arrested and held in internment camps

Symbolic ethnicity:

is different from genuinely identifying as a member of an ethnic group

The White population in the United States:

is the largest proportion of the population of all racial and ethnic groups

Research on White identity development indicates that:

symbolic White identity development is less likely to achieve diversity-related benefits

Jews in the United States:

were at one time excluded from many jobs and denied service in some organizations

White privilege refers to all of the following except:

the benefit of positive stereotypes about non-White workers

In research on the effects of similarity in race and sex on interview assessments and offers, evidence showed that:

in-group favoritism was inconsistently documented

In terms of discrimination and meritocracy:

by excluding women and minorities from unions, training programs, and careers, employer discrimination has increased advantages for White men

White women:

have benefited more than racial or ethnic minorities from affirmative action

When layoffs occur at a company:

Whites are less likely to be laid off than non-Whites

Which of the following is true of multi-racial people?

Multi-racial people should not be grouped with one group and the other aspect(s) of their identity ignored

Interracial marriage:

was illegal until a 1967 Supreme Court decision

Research on American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women shows that:

AI/AN women managers navigate between two distinctive but interconnected worlds

A culture of nondiscrimination:

can help avoid inadvertent discrimination

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act:

has been used in English-only cases on behalf of Native Americans

Which of the following is true of the Native American/Alaska Native population?

Changes in self-identification have contributed to increases in the population

Which of the following is true of Native Americans as sports symbols?

Some Native American tribes have supported universities' use of the sports symbols

According to the one-drop rule:

Anyone with a known Black ancestor was considered Black, regardless of the number of non-Black ancestors

Barack Obama:

is widely considered to be Black but is actually biracial

Wilma Mankiller:

was the first woman in modern history to serve as the chief of a Native American tribe