DNA is a Hereditary Material

What is the structure of DNA as discovered by Watson and Crick?

DNA is a double helix consisting of two strands of nucleotides held together by hydrogen bonds.

What is the key outcome of the Griffith experiment?

Something is exchanged between virulent and non-virulent bacteria, leading to the transformation of non-pathogenic bacteria into pathogenic forms.

What are the two types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Pyrimidines: Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T); Purines: Adenine (A) and Guanine (G).

What did the Hershey-Chase experiment demonstrate?

DNA is the genetic material and not protein.

What role do proteins play in organisms?

Proteins control the working of organisms, influencing traits or phenotypes.

Fill in the Blank: DNA is replicated, genes are transcribed into __________, which is then translated into polypeptides.

mRNA

Fill in the Blank: The double bond in DNA forms between __________ and Thymine, while a triple bond forms between Cytosine and __________.

Adenine; Guanine

What did Levene and Chargaff discover about DNA?

DNA is made of long chains of four nitrogen bases called nucleotides.

What did Hammerling's experiment show?

Something (hereditary material) is located in the nucleus.

What is the significance of Rosalind Franklin's X-ray picture?

It provided critical information that contributed to the understanding of the structure of DNA.