Comprehensive Quizlet on Gender, Ethics, and Medical Practices, Ethics and Gender: Key Concepts and Moral Foundations, Ethics and Social Concepts: Marxism, Environmental Justice, and Civil Disobedience, Ethics and Justice: Catholic Perspectives on Ri…

What are some health risks associated with hormone therapy?

Permanent infertility, heart attacks, brittle bones.

What is a 'bottom surgery'?

Surgery to assemble genitalia that doesn't fully function.

What concern do Catholics have with bottom surgeries?

Denies complementarity and disregards parenthood.

What theory is Simone de Beauvoir famous for?

Gender is a social construct.

What practices did Simone de Beauvoir defend using her theory?

Pursued open relationships, including with her students.

Why doesn't Beauvoir's theory make sense as a defense of transgenderism?

It validates social constructs.

How might a Catholic respond to claims about 'girl brains/souls'?

These might just be stereotypes; use your gifts.

Can Existentialism be used as a logical defense of transgenderism?

Yes, unless you are Christian.

What two beliefs must you reject to fully commit to Existentialism?

God and objective truth.

What did the ASPS and the governments of the UK, Sweden, and Finland say about medical transitions for minors?

There is a lack of reliable data; recommend waiting until the brain fully develops (over 25).

What did the 2026 study from Finland say about transitions?

Transitions caused patients' mental health to substantially worsen.

What percentage of those seeking gender-transition have also been diagnosed with other severe psychological disorders?

48%.

What ethical concern does the high percentage of psychological disorders raise?

The other struggles could be the real cause of their distress.

What age/gender demographic became the most likely group to get diagnosed with Gender Dysphoria starting in the 2010s?

Teenage girls.

How many US states currently allow cross-sex hormone therapy for minors?

23.

Why is it problematic to claim that suicides among those with Gender Dysphoria are inevitable?

It confuses social contagion with genuine issues.

What are the two main negative psychological consequences Sartre associates with radical freedom?

1. 'I am condemned to be free'; 2. 'Man is condemned to be free.'

Why was the term 'hermaphroditism' abandoned in the 1900s?

No humans have been shown to produce both sperm and eggs.

What are two reasons the Medical Community prefers the term 'DSD' over 'intersex'?

1. It clarifies it's an objective medical diagnosis; 2. Many are clearly male or female.

What percentage of DSDs are so extreme that they make it difficult to discern the person's sex?

0.02% (2 in 10,000).

What was the 'Money method' for dealing with DSDs?

Doctors assigned a gender and performed surgeries to align appearance.

How has the Intersex/DSD community pushed back against the Money Method?

It causes unnecessary bodily harm to children.

In what circumstances does the Church approve surgeries for sex-related conditions?

Only if it restores or enables natural bodily function.

What does the Church advise those with extreme DSDs to do?

Accept the body they've been given.

How is diagnosing a DSD different from diagnosing Gender Dysphoria?

DSD is an objective medical diagnosis, while Gender Dysphoria is an identity.

What does the Church believe the proper treatment for Gender Dysphoria should revolve around?

Acceptance of the body they've been given.

What is Essentialism?

Our purpose is up to our creator.

What is Existentialism?

Our purpose/essence is up to us.

What does 'Radical Freedom' mean according to Sartre?

There is no God; you can do whatever you want.

Who was the most famous articulator of Existentialism?

Jean-Paul Sartre.

Can Christianity agree with Existentialism?

No, it is a denial of God/Objective Truth.

What were two actions Sartre and de Beauvoir took that demonstrated their belief in 'radical freedom'?

1. Sex with students; 2. Threesomes.

What is catharsis?

Emotional relief after feeling oppressed.

What is terrorism?

Use of coercion and fear to produce change.

What is faith?

Belief in a tradition that is reasonable.

What is tradition?

Practice or belief that is passed down.

What is scientism?

Attempt to contract society around scientific experimentation.

What are blue laws?

US laws that restrict buying, selling, and other non-religious motivations.

What is positive atheism?

The intentional rejection or destruction of God/religion.

What is gestation?

Fertilization and growth of a child in the womb.

What are primary sex characteristics?

Fundamental differences in reproductive potential.

What is attentiveness to the particular?

Women pay attention to small details that don't seem important.

What are the motivations behind planned riots?

They are a form of terrorism seeking to manipulate through fear and choices.

What are unplanned riots?

Angry, destructive outbursts whose main goal is catharsis.

What are the three main ways we should respond to riots?

1. Punish those who rioted. 2. Alleviate root causes of distress. 3. Teach to act in hope instead of despair.

Why is civil disobedience considered an act of hope?

It offers a constructive path.

In what situations is the death penalty permitted by the Church?

When it's impossible to imprison someone for life without risking their escape.

Why does the Church oppose the death penalty?

1. Not needed for self-defense, motivated by vengeance. 2. Every living person can become a saint.

What is the most reliable way to find proof that your faith is true?

By living out a full marriage.

Why is faith necessary for a society to be consistently moral?

We base our lives and culture on short-term pleasures.

Is it possible to be totally religiously neutral?

No, you either build culture and morality or pursue a non-eternal goal.

What did Jesus say in Matthew 12:30?

Whoever is not with me is against me; whoever does not gather with me scatters.

Why can't scientism work as a foundation for our morals?

1. Religion and morality can't be scientifically tested. 2. You can find studies that support anything if you look hard enough.

Where did the phrase 'Separation of Church & State' come from?

A personal letter written by Thomas Jefferson.

What are the implications of the 'Non-Establishment' clause of the Constitution?

You may not establish an official religion; Catholics cannot accept it.

What are the implications of the 'Free-Exercise' clause of the Constitution?

You must allow believers to practice their faith without restriction unless the belief is gravely immoral.

Is the US Government free to coerce people into practicing religious rituals?

No.

Can the Government coerce people into acting morally?

Yes, with blue laws.

What did James Thornwell and the South Carolina Methodists think about the Separation of Church & State?

They thought the church should stay out of it due to political influences.

What are the three most likely foundations for morals if not based on religious presuppositions?

1. Personal whims/desires. 2. Positive atheism. 3. Non-religious systems.

What is the most fundamental definition of a 'woman'?

Potential to gestate human life when their body is fully developed.

Is it reasonable to expect biological men to fully gestate and give birth to healthy children?

No, the process is very complex.

What is the most fundamental definition of a 'man'?

Ability to produce sperm.

Why is it reasonable to classify infertile men as 'men'?

Complex systems with different purposes are clearly oriented toward reproduction.

What are the two main ways secondary sex characteristics differ from primary characteristics?

1. Not directly related to reproduction. 2. Tendencies exist on bell curves.

What are examples of secondary sex characteristics in the male body?

Taller, stronger, faster reflexes, stronger bones.

What are the main purposes of male physical gifts?

To protect the vulnerable and perform physical work.

What are the three main psychological secondary sex characteristics of men?

1. Problem-focused. 2. More willing to risk for glory. 3. Stronger male sex drive.

Is it reasonable to assume the lack of women in Engineering and ICT is solely caused by misogyny?

No, women are often more nurturing and empathetic.

What are the three main psychological secondary sex characteristics of women?

1. Love for the weak. 2. Attentiveness to small things.

What did Edith Stein say about women in the workforce?

1. Women tend toward caring jobs. 2. Women can do masculine jobs. 3. Most should work outside the home. 4. Society should promote parenthood.

What is the bourgeoisie?

Ownership class

What is the proletariat?

Working class

What is collectivization?

The practice of forcing individual farmers to leave their private farms to work on large collective farms.

What was 'The Great Leap Forward' campaign and how many died?

A campaign in China where 15-55 million people died of starvation.

What was the Holodomor?

A famine in Ukraine where 3.5-5 million people died due to starvation caused by Russia.

What are opiates used for?

To alleviate pain.

What is the Universal Destination of Goods?

Earth's resources that are meant for the benefit of all mankind.

What is resource depletion?

Using resources excessively until they run out.

What does 'scarce' mean?

Not enough to meet demand.

What are renewable resources?

Resources that can be replenished by the environment.

What are non-renewable resources?

Resources that will eventually run out.

What is veganism?

Refusing to eat or use any animal products.

What does being 'humane' or cruelty-free mean?

Avoiding products derived from animals.

What is antinatalism?

A movement of people who believe having children is unethical.

What is the Common Good?

A deeply fulfilling way of life that can only be achieved as a community.

What is utilitarianism?

Using people with the goal of maximizing productivity and human fulfillment.

What is egoism?

Trying to achieve self-fulfillment.

What is civil disobedience?

Publicly disobeying unjust laws to enact change.

What is anarchy?

Absence of law or government.

What are dictatorships?

Government leaders ruling without anything to keep their power in check.

What is the government's relationship to the economy in purely socialist/communist countries?

The government owns everything, including the means of production.

What is the main goal of socialism/communism?

To stop abuses of the ownership class.

Who invented the term 'capitalism' and what did they mean?

Socialists, used to criticize free markets.

What did Karl Marx think about violent revolutions?

He advocated for a forceful revolution.

Why does Marxist philosophy tend to lead to violence and conflict?

They view humans as members of warring tribes.

What are the three main reasons socialism/communism tends to be economically unproductive?

1. Lack of rewards decreases work ethic. 2. Lack of creative individual freedom restricts innovation. 3. Government spends profit on politically popular programs.

What were two rules the USSR put into place regarding education?

1. Homeschooling and religious education were illegal. 2. China's One Child Policy.

What did Alexandra Kollontai and Friedrich Engels think about marriage and family?

They believed it was oppressive for women, with duties revolving around the home.

What are the two main reasons Marx believed atheism was essential for communism to succeed?

1. It distracts from the real world of politics. 2. It numbs the sense of judgment and keeps people from revolting against the bourgeoisie.