Psychodynamic Theory: Freud – Individual and Family Development, Health, and Well-being

Who is the primary figure associated with the Psychodynamic Theory presented in the lecture?

Freud

In Freud's iceberg model, what is represented by the area above the water?

Conscious

In Freud's iceberg model, what is represented by the area below the water?

Unconscious

Which part of the psyche is described as being 'completely submerged' in the unconscious?

Id

Which part of the psyche is described as being 'mostly in the conscious but part of it is submerged in the unconscious'?

Ego

How is the 'Superego' positioned in Freud's model of the psyche?

Mostly submerged in the unconscious but a portion of it is shown in the conscious.

Define the defense mechanism 'Denial'.

Refusing to accept real events because they are unpleasant

In the example of Denial, what does Kaila refuse to admit?

She has an alcohol problem although she is unable to go a single day without drinking excessively.

What is the definition of 'Displacement'?

Transferring inappropriate urges or behaviors onto a more acceptable or less threatening target

In the Displacement example, how does Mark redirect his anger toward his older brother?

He is verbally abusive to the server at a restaurant.

What is the definition of 'Projection'?

Attributing unacceptable desires to others

What is the definition of 'Rationalization'?

Justifying behaviors by substituting acceptable reasons for less-acceptable real reasons

What is the definition of 'Reaction Formation'?

Reducing anxiety by adopting beliefs contrary to your own beliefs

What is the definition of 'Regression'?

Returning to coping strategies for less mature stages of development

What is the definition of 'Repression'?

Suppressing painful memories and thoughts

What is the definition of 'Sublimation'?

Redirecting unacceptable desires through socially acceptable channels

What is the anal stage in psychosexual development?

The stage of development when children are learning to control impulses; coincides with toddlerhood and toileting.

What are defense mechanisms?

Psychological strategies that are unconsciously used to protect a person from anxiety arising from unacceptable thoughts or feelings.

What is the ego?

The part of the self that helps balance the id and superego by satisfying the id’s desires in a rational way.

What is the genital stage in psychosexual development?

The final stage of psychosexual development when individuals develop sexual interests; it begins in adolescence and lasts throughout adulthood.

What is the id?

The part of the self that is biologically-driven, includes our instincts and drives, and wants immediate gratification.

What is the latency stage in psychosexual development?

The fourth stage of psychosexual development, spanning middle childhood, during which sexual development and sexual impulses are dormant.

What is neurosis?

A tendency to experience negative emotions.

What is the oral stage in psychosexual development?

The first stage of psychosexual development when infants' needs are met primarily through oral gratification.

What is the phallic stage in psychosexual development?

The third stage of psychosexual development, spanning the ages of 3 to 6 years, when the young child’s libido (desire) centers upon their genitalia as the erogenous zone.

What is the psychodynamic perspective?

The perspective that behavior is motivated by inner forces, memories, and conflicts that are generally beyond people’s awareness and control.

What are the psychosexual stages according to Freud?

Freud's oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages.

What is the superego?

The part of the self that acts as our conscience, telling us how we should behave.