Language and Speech Disorders

These flashcards cover key concepts related to language, speech, and language disorders discussed in the lecture.

What is Speech?

An audible form of communication built on the sounds humans produce, involving more than 100 muscles and vibrating vocal folds.

Phonemes

Fundamental sounds of a language; the smallest basic unit of sound, with 44 phonemes in English.

Broca's Aphasia

A form of expressive aphasia characterized by non-fluent telegraphic speech and normal comprehension, except for agrammatism.

Wernicke's Aphasia

A receptive aphasia resulting in fluent speech with incorrect word use, and difficulty comprehending spoken and written language.

The Segmentation Problem

The challenge of identifying word boundaries in continuous speech.

Genetic Factors in Speech Disorders

Speech and language disorders may run in families and can be linked to genetic mutations, such as the FOXP2 gene.

Conduction Aphasia

A type of aphasia where individuals have fluent speech but struggle with repeating phrases.

Language Acquisition Steps

The process by which children recognize word boundaries, respond to prosody, recognize phonemes, and attach meaning to words.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

A type of stroke caused by the rupture of a blood vessel in the brain.

Ischemic Stroke

A type of stroke caused by blockage of blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain.