SAT Set 1

retaliate /rɪˈtælieɪt/

to do something harmful to somebody because they have harmed you first vi.报复; 反击; 复仇;

nuanced /ˈnuːɑːnst/

with very slight differences in meaning or expression adj.有细微差别的;

mitigate /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/

mitigate something to make something less harmful, serious, etc. vt.减轻; 缓和;

concerted /kənˈsɜːrtɪd/

done together by more than one person, government, country, etc. adj.同心协力的; 努力的;

conjecture /kənˈdʒektʃər/

an opinion or idea that is not based on definite knowledge and is formed by guessing n.猜想; 推测; 猜测; 臆测; 揣测

circumvent /ˌsɜːrkəmˈvent/

circumvent something to find a way of avoiding a difficulty or a rule vt.设法回避; 规避; 绕过; 绕行; 绕道旅行;

rebuke /rɪˈbjuːk/

rebuke somebody (for something/for doing something) to speak severely to somebody because they have done something wrong n.责备; 非难，指责; 斥责，训斥;vt.指责; 批评;

dexterity /dekˈsterəti/

skill in using your hands or your mind n.灵巧; (手)熟练; (思维)敏捷; 灵活;

wend /wend/

to move or travel slowly somewhere v.（缓慢地）走

conservationist /kɑnsərˈveɪʃənɪst/

a person who takes an active part in the protection of the environment n.自然环境保护主义者

astrophysicist /æstroʊˈfɪzɪsɪst/

a scientist who studies the physical and chemical structure of the stars, planets, etc. n.天体物理学家

acoustic /əˈkuːstɪk/

related to sound or to the sense of hearing adj.声学的; 声音的; 音响的; 听觉的; 原声的; 自然声的;

adverse /ədˈvɜːrs/

negative and unpleasant; not likely to produce a good result adj.不利的; 有害的; 反面的

incur /ɪnˈkɜːr/

incur something if you incur something unpleasant, you are in a situation in which you have to deal with it v.招致; 遭受; 引起; 引致，带来(成本、花费等);

qualify /ˈkwɑːlɪfaɪ/

to reach the standard of ability or knowledge needed to do a particular job, for example by completing a course of study or passing exams v. 使合格; 使具备资格; 有权，使有权(做某事)

imprudence /ɪmˈpruːdns/

the fact of not being wise or sensible n.不谨慎；轻率;

exulted /ɪɡˈzʌltɪd/

to feel and show that you are very excited and happy because of something that has happened v.欢欣鼓舞; 兴高采烈; 喜形于色

preoccupied /priˈɑːkjupaɪd/

preoccupied (with something) thinking and/or worrying continuously about something so that you do not pay attention to other things adj.心事重重; 一门心思v.使日夜思考; 使忧心忡忡

repose /rɪˈpoʊz/

a state of rest, sleep or feeling calm n.休息; 睡眠; 平静; 镇静;

expire /ɪkˈspaɪər/

(of a document, an agreement, etc.) no longer legally acceptable because the period of time for which it could be used has ended v.(因到期而)失效，终止;

fatigued /fəˈtiːɡd/

very tired, both physically and mentally adj.身心交瘁; 精疲力竭;v.使疲乏; 使劳累; 使（肌肉，器官）衰竭;

ablation /əˈbleɪʃn/

(geology) the loss of material from a large mass of ice, snow or rock as a result of the action of the sun, wind or rain n.(冰、雪的)消融; (岩石的)磨蚀

torpor /ˈtɔːrpər/

the state of not being active and having no energy or enthusiasm n.动物的冬眠;

bout /baʊt/

a short period of great activity; a short period during which there is a lot of a particular thing, usually something unpleasant n.一阵; 一场;

reciprocate /rɪˈsɪprəkeɪt/

to behave or feel towards somebody in the same way as they behave or feel towards you v.回报; 回应; 沿直线往复移动;

deviate /ˈdiːvieɪt/

deviate (from something) to be different from something; to do something in a different way from what is usual or expected v.背离; 偏离; 违背;

simultaneously /ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli/

at the same time as something else adv.同时; 联立; 急切地;

renunciation /rɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/

an act of stating publicly that you no longer believe something or that you are giving something up n.放弃; 克己; 宣布放弃;

tenuous /ˈtenjuəs/

so weak or uncertain that it hardly exists adj.脆弱的; 微弱的; 缥缈的; 纤细的; 薄的; 易断的;

unobtrusive /ˌʌnəbˈtruːsɪv/

not attracting unnecessary attention adj.不引人注目的; 不张扬的; 不招摇的;

peripheral /pəˈrɪfərəl/

connected with the outer edge of a particular area adj.周边的; 外围的; 次要的;

chancellor /ˈtʃænsələr/

the official head of a university in Britain. （用于英国某些高级政府官员的头衔）;

fling /flɪŋ/

to throw or push somebody/something with force, especially because you are angry, or in a careless way v.(尤指生气地)扔，掷，抛，丢;

unanimity /ˌjuːnəˈnɪməti/

complete agreement about something among a group of people n.一致同意; 全体赞同;

ethnographic /ˌeθnəˈɡræfɪk/

connected with the scientific description of different peoples and cultures, with their customs, habits and differences adj.人种论的; 人种志的;

indigenous /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/

(of people and their culture) coming from a particular place and having lived there for a long time before other people came there; relating to, belonging to or developed by these people adj.当地的，本地的，本土的，土生土长的，原产的;

ethnographer /eθˈnɑːɡrəfər/

a person who studies different peoples and cultures, with their customs, habits and differences 人种志(或人种论)研究者;

converted /kənˈvɜːrtɪd/

to change or make something change from one form, purpose, system, etc. to another v.(使)转变，转换，转化; 可转变为; 可变换成;

opaque /oʊˈpeɪk/

(of speech or writing) difficult to understand; not clear adj.难懂; 模糊; 隐晦; 不清楚;

strenuously /ˈstrenjuəsli/

in a way that needs or uses great effort and energy adv.奋发; 奋发地; 勤奋地;

indecipherable /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪfrəbl/

(of writing or speech) impossible to read or understand adj.难以辨认(或弄懂)的;

delectable /dɪˈlektəbl/

(of food and drink) extremely pleasant to taste, smell or look at; (humorous) (of a person) very attractive adj.美味可口的; 妩媚动人的; 宜人的; 香甜的; 有迷惑力的; 有吸引力的;

credence /ˈkriːdns/

a quality that an idea or a story has that makes you believe it is true; belief in something as true n.可信性; 真实性; 信任; 信念;

equanimity /ˌekwəˈnɪməti/

a calm state of mind that means that you do not become angry or upset, especially in difficult situations n.沉着

reprise /rɪˈpriz/

a repeated part of something, especially a piece of music v.重演

exultant /ɪɡˈzʌltənt/

feeling or showing that you are very proud or happy, especially because of something exciting that has happened adj.欢欣鼓舞的

beneficiary /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃieri/

a person who gains as a result of something n.受益者

defy /dɪˈfaɪ/

to refuse to obey or show respect for somebody in authority, a law, a rule, etc. v.蔑视

interject /ˌɪntərˈdʒekt/

to interrupt what somebody is saying with your opinion or a remark v.打断（别人的讲话）

puff /pʌf/

to be smoking a cigarette, pipe, etc. v.吸

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loath /loʊθ/

not willing to do something adj.不情愿

dab /dæb/

to touch something lightly, usually several times v.轻拍

compensate /ˈkɑmpənˌseɪt/

to provide something good to balance or reduce the bad effects of damage, loss, etc. v.补偿

confidential /ˌkɑnfɪˈdenʃ(ə)l/

meant to be kept secret and not told to or shared with other people adj.机密的

snap /snæp/

to break something suddenly with a sharp noise; to be broken in this way v. （使喀嚓）断裂，绷断

replenish /rɪˈplenɪʃ/

to make something full again by replacing what has been used v.补充

catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstrɑfɪk/

(of a natural event) causing many people to suffer adj.大突变(灾难)的

imminent /ˈɪmɪnənt/

(especially of something unpleasant) likely to happen very soon adj.即将发生的

preponderance /prɪˈpɑnd(ə)rəns/

if there is a preponderance of one type of people or things in a group, there are more of them than others n.优势

ditty /ˈdɪti/

a short simple song n.小调; 小曲

hum /həm/

to sing a tune with your lips closed n.嗡嗡声

shaggy /ˈʃæɡi/

(of hair, fur, etc.) long and untidy adj.长而乱的

trample /ˈtræmp(ə)l/

to step heavily on somebody/something so that you damage or harm them/it with your feet v.践踏

edifice /ˈedɪfɪs/

a large impressive building n.大厦; 宏伟建筑;

shawl /ʃɔːl/

a large piece of cloth worn around the shoulders or head, or wrapped around a baby n. （女用）披巾

cupid /ˈkjuːpɪd/

the Roman god of love who is shown as a beautiful baby boy with wings, carrying a bow and arrow n. 丘比特（罗马神话中的爱神）

splenetic /spləˈnetɪk/

often annoyed and angry adj. 坏心眼的

reverence /ˈrevərəns/

a feeling of admiring and respecting somebody/something very much n. 尊敬

masculinity /ˌmæskjəˈlɪnəti/

the quality of being masculine n. 男子气概

offhand /ˌɔːfˈhænd/

not showing much interest in somebody/something in a way that is rude or upsets somebody adj. 随便的

mandatory /ˈmændətɔːri/

required by law adj. 强制性的

designation /ˌdezɪɡˈneɪʃn/

the action of choosing a person or thing for a particular purpose, or of giving them or it a particular status n. 指定

grapple /ˈɡræpl/

to take a strong hold of somebody/something and struggle with them v.扭打;

rebut /rɪ ˈbʌt/

to say or prove that a statement or criticism is false v. 反驳，

quaint /kweɪnt/

attractive in an unusual or old-fashioned way adj.古雅的;

deceptive /dɪˈseptɪv/

likely to make you believe something that is not true adj.骗人的;

innocuous /ɪˈnɑːkjuəs/

not intended or likely to offend or upset anyone adj.无恶意的;

paucity /ˈpɔːsəti/

a small amount of something; less than enough of something n.少量;

profusion /prəˈfjuːʒn/

a very large quantity of somethingSYNONYM abundance n.丰富;

verisimilitude /ˌverɪsɪˈmɪlɪtuːd/

the quality of seeming to be true or real n.貌似真实;

trajectory /trəˈdʒektərɪ/

the curved path of something that has been fired, hit or thrown into the air n.弹道;

legitimacy /lə'dʒɪtəməsi/

the quality of being based on a fair or acceptable reason n.合法性;

corollary /ˈkɔːrəleri/

a situation, an argument or a fact that is the natural and direct result of another one n.推论

reciprocate /rɪˈsɪprəkeɪt/

to behave or feel towards somebody in the same way as they behave or feel towards you v.回应;

annotate /ˈænəteɪt/

annotate something to add notes to a book or text, giving explanations or comments vt.注释;

buttress /ˈbʌtrəs/

a structure made of stone or brick that supports a wall n.扶壁;

disengage /ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/

to free somebody/something from the person or thing that is holding them or it; to become free v.脱离;

prosocial /prəʊˈsəʊʃəl/

adj.亲社会的;对社会有益的

consecrate /ˈkɑːnsɪkreɪt/

to give something/somebody/yourself to a special purpose, especially a religious one vt.使...神圣

sordid /ˈsɔːrdɪd/

not moral or honest adj.卑鄙的;

alleviate /əˈliːvieɪt/

alleviate something to make something less severe vt.减轻;

exalt /ɪɡˈzɔːlt/

exalt somebody (to something)to make somebody rise to a higher rank or position, sometimes to one that they do not deserve vt.提拔，提升

perpetual/pərˈpetʃuəl/

continuing for a long period of time without interruption/frequently repeated, in a way that is annoying/(of a job or position) lasting for the whole of somebody's life adj.不间断的，持续的，长久的；一再反复的，无尽无休的，没完没了的；终身的；永久的

fissure/ˈfɪʃər/

a long deep opening in something, especially in rock or in the earth n.（岩石、土地等中深长的）裂缝，裂隙

entice/ɪnˈtaɪs/

to persuade somebody/something to go somewhere or to do something, usually by offering them something vt.诱使，引诱

coupon/ˈkuːpɑːn/

/ˈkjuːpɑːn/ a small piece of printed paper that you can exchange for something or that gives you the right to buy something at a cheaper price than normal n.配给券，购物票证，优惠券

protagonist/prəˈtæɡənɪst/

the main character in a play, film or book n.（戏剧、电影、书的）主要人物，主人公，主角

wreak/riːk/

to do great damage or harm to somebody/something v.造成巨大的破坏或伤害

havoc/ˈhævək/

a situation in which there is a lot of damage, destruction, or confusion n.灾害；祸患；浩劫