Unit 4: Ancient Egypt

The longest river in the world

Nile River

Material used to make Egyptian homes

mud bricks

One of the highest jobs in Ancient Egypt

priest

What did Egyptians develop after expanding their knowledge of astronomy?

a calendar

polytheism

Belief in many gods

What did Pharaoh Khufu build?

The Great Pyramid

What nomadic group invaded Egypt in the Middle Kingdom?

the Hyksos

Hatshepsut

First female pharaoh who expanded Egypt through trade

Pharaoh Akhenaten

attempted to change Egypt to monotheism

Why were the floods of the Nile different from the floods of the Tigris & Euphrates?

The floods of the Nile was more predictable

Shaduf

Ancient Egyptian irrigation tool that allowed them to spread water across their farmland

What natural resource was found in Nubia?

gold

What group in Egyptian society served as astronomers?

priests

embalming

process developed by the ancient Egyptians of preserving a person's body after death

Why did Khufu build the Great Pyramid?

To show how great he was

How did art change under Akhenaten?

it became more realistic

How did Hatshepsut die?

No one knows for sure

How did people benefit during the reign of Ramses II?

There was peace & stability

How did the Nile support transportation

It was easy for Egyptians to travel both north and south

Papyrus

A long-lasting, paper-like material made from reeds

How was the Egyptian view of the afterlife different from the Sumerians?

The Egyptians believed in a happy afterlife; The Sumerians believed in a miserable one

delta

an area near a river's mouth where silt is deposited

linen

fabric woven from fibers of the flax plant

scribe

A person whose job was to write and keep records.

Ramses II

reigned over the New Kingdom for 66 years

Thutmose III

tried to destroy records about his step-mother

Djoser

Built the step pyramid

Khufu

built a pyramid that took 20 years to build

obelisk

a tall, pointed, four-sided pillar in ancient Egypt, which pharaohs built to honor themselves

Hieroglyphs

pictures, characters, or symbols standing for words, ideas, or sounds; ancient Egyptians used instead of an alphabet like ours

dynasty

A series of rulers from the same family

Double crown symbolized

rule over upper and lower Egypt