OIAI - Upper Extremity

Trapezius Origin

External Occipital protuberance

Ligamentum Nuchae

Spinous processes of C1-T12

Trapezius Insertion

Posterior lateral clavicle

Medial surface of acromion process

Scapular spine

Trapezius Action

Upper: Elevation, adduction, and upward rotation of shoulder girdle

Middle: Scapular adduction

Lower: Depression, adduction, and upward rotation of shoulder girdle

Trapezius Innervation

Spinal Accessory CN XI

Latissimus dorsi Origin

Spinous processes of T7-L5

Posterior iliac crest

Ribs 9-12

Inferior angle of scapula

Latissimus dorsi Insertion

Intertubercular groove

Latissimus dorsi Action

Shoulder adduction, extension, and internal rotation

Latissimus dorsi Innervation

Thoracodorsal

Levator Scapulae Origin

Transverse processes of C1-C4

Levator Scapulae Insertion

Superior angle of scapula

Medial border of scapula (superior to scapular spine)

Levator Scapulae Action

Scapular elevation

Lateral flexion of neck

Downward rotation of scapula

Levator Scapulae Innervation

Dorsal scapular

Rhomboid Minor Origin

Spinous processes of C7 and T1

Rhomboid minor Insertion

Medial border of scapula (at scapular spine level)

Rhomboid Minor Action

Scapular adduction

Downward rotation of scapula

Rhomboid Minor Innervation

Dorsal Scapular

Rhomboid Major Origin

Spinous processes of T2-T5

Rhomboid Major Insertion

Medial border of scapula (inferior to scapular spine)

Rhomboid Major Action

Scapular adduction

Downward rotation of scapula

Rhomboid Major Innervation

Dorsal scapular

Serratus Anterior Origin

Anterolateral surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs

Serrtaus Anterior Insertion

Medial border of scapula, costal aspect

Serratus Anterior Action

Scapular abduction

Upward rotation of scapula

Functionally controls winging

Serratus Anterior Innveration

Long Thoracic

Subclavius Origin

First rib

Subclavius Insertion

Inferior surface of clavicle

Subclavius Action

Depresses and stabilizes clavicle

Subclavius Innervation

Nerve to subclavius

Pectorals major Origin

Medial clavicle

Sternum

Ribs 2-6

Pectoralis Major Insertion

Intertubercular groove (lateral lip)

Pectoralis Major Action

Shoulder Adduction

Shoulder Internal rotation

Shoulder horizontal adduction

Shoulder flexion

Pectoralis Major Innervation

Medial and lateral pectoral

Pectoralis Minor Origin

Anterior surface of ribs 3-5 near cartilage

Pectoralis Minor Insertion

Coracoid process

Pectoralis Minor Action

Scapular Depression

Anterior tilt of scapula

Scapular abduction

Pectoralis Minor Innervation

Medial pectoral

Deltoid origin

Anterior: lateral clavicle

Middle: acromion process

Posterior: scapular spine

Deltoid Insertion

Deltoid tuberosity

Deltoid Action

All: Should abduction

Anterior: Flexion, internal rotation and horizontal adduction

Posterior: Extension, external rotation and horizontal abduction

Deltoid Innervation

Axillary

Supraspinatus Origin

Supraspinous fossa

Supraspinatus Insertion

Superior facet of greater tubercle

Shoulder joint capsule

Supraspinatus Action

Shoulder abduction

Supraspinatus Innervation

Suprascapular

Infraspinatus Origin

Infraspinous fossa

Infraspinatus Insertion

Middle facet of greater tubercle

Should joint capsule

Infraspinatus Action

Shoulder external rotation

Infraspinatus Innervation

Suprascapular

Teres Minor Origin

Lateral border of scapula, middle third

Teres Minor Insertion

Inferior facet of greater tubercle

Shoulder joint capsule

Teres Minor Action

Shoulder external rotation

Teres Minor Innervation

Axillary

Subscapularis Origin

Subscapular fossa

Subscapularis Insertion

Lesser tubercle

Shoulder joint capsule

Subscapularis Action

Shoulder internal rotation

Subscapularis Innervation

Upper and lower subscapularis

Teres Major Origin

Lateral border of scapula, inferior part

Teres Major Insertion

Intertubercular groove (medial lip)

Teres Major Action

Shoulder internal rotation

Shoulder extension (from flexed position)

Shoulder adduction

Teres Major Innervation

Lower Subscapular

Coracobrachialis Origin

Coracoid process

Coracobrachialis Insertion

Mid-shaft of humerus, medial surface

Coracobrachialis Action

Shoulder flexion and adduction

Coracobrachialis Innervation

Musculocutaneous

Biceps Brachii Origin

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle

Short head: coracoid process

Biceps Brachii Insertion

Radial tuberosity

Bicipital aponeurosis (lacertus fibrosus)

Biceps Brachii Action

Elbow flexion

Supination

Shoulder flexion

Biceps Brachii Innervation

Musculocutaneous

Brachialis Origin

Anterior humerus, distal half

Brachialis Insertion

Ulnar tuberosity

Brachialis Action

Elbow flexion

Brachialis Innervation

Musculocutaneous and radial

Triceps Brachii Origin

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle

Lateral head: proximal half of posterior humerus

Medial head: distal posterior humerus

Triceps Brachii Insertion

Olecrannon process

Triceps Brachii Action

Elbow extension

Long head: Shoulder adduction and extension

Triceps Brachii Innervation

Radial

Anconeus Origin

Lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior surface

Anconeus Insertion

Olecrannon process and shaft of ulna

Anconeus Action

Elbow extension

Tension of elbow joint capsul

Anconeus Innervation

Radial

Pronator Teres Origin

Humeral head: medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon

Ulnar head: coronoid process

Pronator Teres Insertion

Middle shaft of radius, lateral surface

Pronator Teres Action

Pronation

Elbow flexion

Pronator Teres Innervation

Median

Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin

Medial epicondyle of humerus via common flexor tendon

Flexor Carpi Radialis Insertion

Bases of metacarpals 2-3, palmar side

Flexor Carpi Radialis Action

Wrist flexion

Radial deviation

Elbow flexion

Flexor Carpi Radialis Innervation

Median

Palmaris Longus Origin

Medial epicondyle of humerus via common flexor tendon

Palmaris Longus Insertion

Palmar Aponeurosis

Flexor Retinaculum

Palmaris Longus Action

Wrist flexion

Elbow flexion

Palmaris Longus Innervation

Median

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Origin

Humeral head: Medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon

Ulnar head: Proximal posterior ulna

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Insertion

Pisiform and hamate

Base of 5th metacarpal

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action

Wrist flexion

Ulnar deviation

Elbow flexion

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Innervation

Ulnar

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Origin

Humeral-ulnar head: Medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon and coronoid process of ulna

Radial head: Oblique line

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Insertion

Splits to both sides of the base of each middle phalanx of digits 2-5

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Action

Finger flexion

Wrist flexion

Elbow flexion

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Innervation

Median