CHEM LAB: Week 13: Organic Properties
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CHEM 100 LAB
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34 Terms
What Reaction do Organic Compounds undergo easily?
Combustion
What is Combustion?
Burning of an organic compound in oxygen
General Combustion Equation
Hydrogen + O2 —→ CO2 +H2O
What Byproduct may Form during Combustion?
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Do Inorganic Compounds Combust Easily?
No
Why do Organics appear to Vaporize during Combustion?
Products are gases
What are Hydrocarbons?
Organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen
What are the Two Hydrocarbon Categories?
Aliphatic and Aromatic
What are Aliphatic Hydrocarbons?
Open-chain carbons compounds
What are Aromatic Hydrocarbons?
Compounds containing benzene rings
What does the Bromine Test Detect?
Unsaturation
What Color is Bromine Before the Reaction?
Orange-brown/Reddish-brown
What Indicates a Positive Bromine Test?
Bromine loses color
What does Bromine becoming Colorless Mean?
Unsaturated hydrocarbon present
Which Compounds Do Not React with Bromine?
Saturated hydrocarbons
Why do Saturated Hydrocarbons Not React with Bromine?
No double or triple bonds
What is a Functional Group?
An atom or group of atoms responsible for characteristic chemical properties and reactions
Why do Alcohols have Higher Boiling Points?
Hydrogen bonding
Why are Alcohols often Liquids at Room Temperature?
Higher boiling points
Are Alcohols usually Acidic or Basic in Water?
Neither (Neutral)
What Property measures resistance to flow?
Viscosity
What Increases Alcohol Viscosity?
More hydroxyl groups
Alcohols with fewer than how many Carbons are generally Soluble?
Less than 5 carbons
What Increases Alcohol Solubility?
More hydroxyl groups
Are Small Alcohols generally Polar or Nonpolar?
Polar
As Carbon Chain Length Increases, Alcohol Polarity becomes
More nonpolar
Are Carboxylic Acids Strong or Weak Acids?
Weak acids
What Ions do Carboxylic Acids Produce in Water?
Hydronium ions (H3O+)
Are Carboxylic Acid Solutions Acidic or Neutral?
Acidic
How are Carboxylic Acids commonly Found at Room Temperature?
Solid or Liquid
Why do Carboxylic Acids have High Boiling Points?
Strong intermolecular forces
What Happens when Carboxylic Acid Reacts with Sodium Bicarbonate?
Carbon dioxide gas forms
What Visible Sign shows that a Carboxylic Acid Reacted with Sodium Bicarbonate?
Bubbling/Fizzing
What Gas is Produced when a Carboxylic Acid Reacts with Sodium Bicarbonate?
CO2