The Celts in the Modern World - Gaelic Civilization

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to Gaelic civilization, Irish history, and the cultural and political dynamics between the Irish and English throughout history.

Éire

The Irish name for Ireland.

Gaeil (Gaedhil)

Refers to the Gaels, i.e., the Irish or Scottish people.

Gaill

Term for foreigners, referring to anyone not Irish or Scottish.

Sean-Ghaill

A term for the 'Old Foreigners', i.e., English families from medieval colonization.

mac

A Gaelic term meaning 'son', used in surnames.

ó, úa

Irish terms meaning 'grandson' or 'descendant', used in surnames.

Diarmaid Úa (Ó) Duibhne

An example of a Gaelic name meaning 'Diarmuid O'Duibne'.

'The Battle of Kinsale'

A significant battle in December 1601 involving Gaelic lords and a Spanish army.

'Flight of the Earls'

The departure of Irish nobility from Ireland in 1607, marking the end of Gaelic leadership.

'surrender and regrant'

A policy by the English Crown to grant lands to Gaelic chiefs in return for their allegiance.

Ulster Plantation

The settlement of English and Scottish Protestants in Ulster during the early 17th century.

Gallowglasses

Irish mercenary soldiers often used in the medieval period.

'Tudor and Stuart plantations'

The period of English land confiscation and settlement in Ireland from the 16th to 17th centuries.

'Statutes of Kilkenny'

Law passed in 1366 aimed at preventing the assimilation of the English and Irish cultures.

'Mottes'

Earthen mounds which served as the foundations for wooden fortifications in medieval Ireland.

'descendants of Níall'

Referring to the descendants of the legendary Irish king Níall of the Nine Hostages.

'The King's Cantreds of Connacht'

Territorial divisions established during English rule in Ireland.