3/23 Questions WWII Endgame: D-Day to German Surrender
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38 Terms
Who commanded D-Day?
General Dwight D. Eisenhower.
What was D-Day?
The Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944.
Why were paratroopers used on D-Day?
To capture roads, bridges, and crossroads behind German lines.
What were the D-Day beaches?
Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno, and Sword.
Which D-Day beach was the hardest?
Omaha Beach because German defenses were strongest there.
What was the goal of D-Day?
To secure a foothold in France and begin liberating Western Europe.
What was Operation Cobra?
The breakout offensive that pushed Allied forces out of Normandy.
What was Operation Market Garden?
A September 1944 airborne attack in the Netherlands that failed.
Why was Market Garden called “A Bridge Too Far”?
The Allies could not hold the bridge at Arnhem.
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
Germany’s last major offensive in the west during winter 1944–45.
What happened at the Malmédy Massacre?
SS troops killed about 100 American prisoners.
What town was surrounded in the Battle of the Bulge?
Bastogne, Belgium.
What did McAuliffe say at Bastogne?
“Nuts.”
What did Patton do at Bastogne?
He turned his Third Army and relieved the surrounded troops.
What was the Yalta Conference?
A 1945 meeting to decide the postwar future of Europe.
What did Stalin agree to at Yalta?
Help create the United Nations, join the war against Japan, and allow free elections in liberated countries.
When did FDR die?
April 12, 1945.
What happened to Hitler at the end of the war?
He hid in a bunker in Berlin and married Eva Braun.
When did Hitler and Eva Braun die?
April 30, 1945.
What was V-E Day?
May 8, 1945, the day Nazi Germany surrendered.
What was the Doolittle Raid?
A 1942 U.S. air raid on Tokyo led by Jimmy Doolittle.
Why was the Doolittle Raid important?
It boosted American morale and showed Japan the U.S. could strike back.
Why was Midway important?
Japan wanted to trap the U.S. Navy and control the Pacific.
What was Code AF?
A Japanese code that helped reveal Midway as the target.
What did U.S. codebreakers do at Midway?
They decoded the plan and set a trap.
What happened at Midway?
The U.S. sank four Japanese carriers and lost one carrier, Yorktown.
Who was Yamamoto?
The Japanese admiral who planned much of Japan’s Pacific strategy.
What happened at the Battle of Coral Sea?
Japan’s advance toward Port Moresby was stopped.
Why was Coral Sea important?
It was the first naval battle where the fleets never saw each other directly.
What were the losses at Coral Sea?
The U.S. lost Lexington; Yorktown was damaged; Japan lost Shoho and damaged Shokaku.
Why was Guadalcanal important?
It protected Australia from Japanese expansion.
Why was Guadalcanal called “Island of Death”?
The fighting was brutal and deadly.
What is Iron Bottom Sound?
The waters near Guadalcanal filled with sunken ships.
What was island hopping?
The U.S. Pacific strategy of taking key islands and bypassing heavily defended ones.
Why was Tarawa important?
It showed how costly a small fortified island could be to capture.
Why was Saipan important?
It was a major Pacific target and brought heavy Japanese losses.
What happened to civilians on Saipan?
Japanese propaganda pushed many toward suicide.
Why was the Philippines important to MacArthur?
He wanted to fulfill his promise to return.