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the main causes of world war one (militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism)
central powers/ triple alliance
germany, Austria Hungary, and italy (Italy later switched sides)
allies / triple entente
great Britain, France, Russia, USA (joined later in the war when Russia left)
black hand / gavrilo princip
gavrilo princip was part of the Serbian nationalist group, the black hand, who assassinated Franz Ferdinand
Franz ferdinand
archduke of Austria Hungary whose assassination began WWI
schlieffen plan
germanys plan to defeat France quickly and then Russia, however this failed leading to a long war
trench warfare
france and Germany fighting in trenches leading to stalemates and many casualties
conscription
mandatory military service (drafted)
contraband
illegal goods sent to enemy nations during war
total war
when all a nations power economy and goods go towards the war
unrestricted submarine warfare
germany would sink any ship, including civilian ships
zimmerman telegram
secret telegram sent to Mexico from Germany asking them to attack the USA, however it was ultimately intercepted and decoded by Britain
lusitania
british passenger ship sunk by German torpedoes in 1915’s, killing British and American civilians
armistice
agreement to stop fighting on November 11th, 1918bl
oody sunday
massacre of Russian protesters leading to the be ginning of Russian Revolution
woodrow WIlison/14 points
he proposed 14 points to cause peace and prevent future warfare
self-determination
ideas that nations should choose their own government
paris peace conference (PPC)
meeting after world war one to decide peace terms
big four
woodrow Wilson, David Loyd George, george’s clemeceau, Vittorio orlando
treaty of versailles
treaty ending WWI punishing Germany harshly, making them pay resperations of 400 billion in todays money.
reparations
payments Germany had to make for war damage
war guilt cluase
germany had to accept full blame for the war