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What’s a foam?
Material consisting of cells (tiny pockets of gas) distributed over the entire mass & that has a bulk density Lowe than the density of the original solid plastic (w/ bubbles)
What are the 2 types of pores geometry?
What’s the difference? Why is that important for applications?
Closed pores
→ each bubble is isolated
good thermal insulation
Waterproof
E.g.: waterproof jacket
Open pores
→ the bubbles are connected
air can move through
Liquids can enter
E.g.: sponge

What are the different foaming methods?
Physical foaming
→ gas is physically introduced into the material
Chemical foaming
→ a blowing agent is mixed into the plastic
Mechanical foaming
→ air is mechanically mixed into the material
Which plastics can be foamed?
Thermoplastics (e.g.: polypropylene)
Thermosets (e.g.: epoxy resins)
Elastomers (e.g.: natural rubber)