Fish Culture Exam 3

Swim Bladder Stress Syndrome

• Treatment: Driving off excess gas from the water by aeration or agitation.

Channel Catfish Virus (CCV)

• - Viral

• Treatment: No known cure.

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia

• - Viral

• Treatment: No known treatment for fish, but eggs can be treated.

Infectious Hemopoietic Necrosis (IPN)

• - Viral

• Treatment: No known cure for fish, but eggs can be treated.

Salmoid Herpes

• - Viral

• Treatment: No known cure.

Hemorrhagic Septicemia

• - Bacterial

• Treatment: Terramycin added to food or furacin added to water.

Columnaris

• - Bacterial

• Treatment: Furacin or diquat added to water.

Enteric Redmouth

• - Bacterial

• Treatment: Sulfurmerazine

Bacterial Kidney Disease

• - Bacterial

• Treatment: Erythromycin

Fungus (Most common = Saprolegnia)

• - Fungal

• Treatment: Eggs can be treated with malachite green and fish can be treated with formalin.

Ichthyopthirius multifilis (ICH)

• - Parasitic

• Treatment: Formalin and malachite green. Free swimming form is the only treatable stage in the life cycle of this parasite.

Trichodina

• - Parasitic (Most common protozoan parasite of warmwater fishes.

• Treatment: Salt (NaCl), acetic acid, or formalin.

Costia

• - Parasitic

• Treatment: Acetic acid or formalin dip treatments.

Myxosporidians

• - Parasitic

• Treatment: Spores are resistant to treatment. (“No treatment” for the sake of studying. Fumagillin for future reference.)

Digenetic Trematodes

• - Parasitic

• Treatment: By control of snail populations

Monogenetic Trematodes

• - Parasitic:

• Treatment: Formalin

Cestodes

• - Parasitic

• Treatment: food additive known as di-N-butyl tin oxide

Nematodes

• - Parasitic: (Endoparasites) (Rarely a problem in fish culture facilities)

• Treatment: antiparasitic medications

Copepods

• - Parasitic (ectoparasites)

• Treatment: Dylox

Q_R – (Q_F + Q_N) = Q_S + Q_L + Q_SDA + Q_G + Q_P

• - Thermodynamically Balanced Energy Equation

Feed Conversion Ratio

• - Dry weight of food : wet weight of fish

Feeding Methods:

• - Hand Broadcasting

• - Automated Feeder

• - Demand Feeder

• - Automatic Feeder

Most commonly used prepared diet:

• - Oregon Moist Pellet

The three types of prepared diets:

• - Practical diet

• - Semi-purified diet

• - Purified Diet

Practical Diet

Formulated from natural ingredients. Ex: Oregon Moist Pellet.

Semi-purified Diet

Often used in research. Contains some natural ingredients, but they are in a pure form. Used when looking at gross energy values.

Purified Diet

Ingredients are precisely known. Includes synthetic animo acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars. Used only in research.

Metabolism

The result of all chemical energy transformations that occur in a living organism.

Anabolism

• - storage of energy for growth and deposition

Catabolism

• - breakdown of storage products.

Kilocalories

amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1° C

Hypervitaminosis

• - Fish are fed too many fat-soluble vitamins

Hypovitaminosis

• - Fish are fed too few fat-soluble vitamins

Ten amino acids that are considered essential to fish and cannot be synthesized by the animal:

–Phenylalanine

–Valine

–Threonine

–Tryptophan

–Isoleucine

–Methionine

–Histidine

–Arginine

–Leucine

—Lysine

Non-nutritional Variables:

• - Flavor

• - Odor

• - Texture

• - Water Stability

• - Color

• - Sinking or Floating