Ohio Real Estate Unit 1 Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering real property rights, land characteristics, liens, easements, and measurements for the Ohio Real Estate exam.

Real Property

Land + anything permanently attached to it.

Personal Property

Anything movable and not attached to land.

Appurtenance

Something attached to or belonging to the land that transfers with it.

Appurtenances Examples

Fixtures, improvements, water rights, air rights, mineral rights.

Surface Rights

The right to use the surface of the land.

Air Rights

The right to use the space above the land.

Subsurface/Mineral Rights

The right to minerals and resources below the land.

Water Rights

The legal right to use water on or next to property.

Riparian Rights

Rights to flowing water like rivers and streams.

Littoral Rights

Rights to standing water like lakes and oceans.

Doctrine of Prior Appropriation

"First in time, first in right" water rule used in arid states.

Economic Characteristics of Land

Scarcity, improvements, permanence of investment, location.

Physical Characteristics of Land

Immobility, indestructibility, uniqueness.

Fixture

Personal property that became real property because it was attached permanently.

Emblements

Annual crops treated as personal property.

Trade Fixture

Business equipment attached by a commercial tenant.

Attachment

When personal property becomes real property by being attached permanently.

Severance

When attached property is removed and becomes personal property again.

Bill of Sale

A document that transfers personal property.

Deed

A document that transfers real property.

Encumbrance

A claim, restriction, or liability attached to property.

Lien

A claim against property used to secure payment of a debt.

General Lien

A lien against a person and everything they own.

Specific Lien

A lien attached to one specific property.

Highest Priority Liens

Property tax liens and special assessments.

Easement

The right to use another person’s land for a specific purpose.

Easement Appurtenant

An easement involving two properties where one benefits from using the other.

Easement by Necessity

A court-created easement for landlocked property.

Easement by Prescription

An easement gained through long-term continuous use.

Encroachment

When a structure crosses onto another property without permission.

Deed Restrictions

Private rules limiting how property can be used.

CC&Rs

Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions.

Legal Description

A detailed description identifying exact property boundaries.

3 Types of Legal Descriptions

Metes and bounds, recorded plat, rectangular government survey.

Metes and Bounds

A legal description using directions and distances.

Recorded Plat

A subdivision map dividing land into lots and blocks.

Township

A $6$-mile by $6$-mile square.

Sections in a Township

$36$ sections.

Acres in One Section

$640$ acres.

Square Feet in One Acre

$43,560$ square feet.

Survey

A measurement and map of property boundaries by a licensed surveyor.