Patient Care II Final

What is the primary strength of vital signs as an indicator of homeostasis?

They provide the best objective information.

During inspiration, do the chest expand and the ribs move superiorly?

True.

What does the presence of cyanosis indicate?

Insufficient oxygen.

What is the average respiratory rate for newborns?

12 to 20 breaths/min (Note: This is the exception in the text; normal is higher, but the text asks for the 'except' answer).

When is removing a cervical collar permissible?

Only after a physician has reviewed images and determined it is safe.

Is an NG tube considered a central venous line?

No (it is an enteral tube).

What is the foundation on which a body rests?

Base of support.

Medical term: Orchioplasty.

Surgical repair of a testis.

T/F: The most common site for PICC line insertion is the subclavian vein.

False.

What causes lightheadedness when standing quickly (orthostatic hypotension)?

Decreased blood pressure.

Proper placement of a Foley catheter drainage bag?

Below the level of the bladder.

Minimum number of people for a stretcher-to-table transfer without moving devices?

Three.

Purpose of Thoracostomy tubes?

To drain the intrapleural space (chest tube).

T/F: A non-rebreather mask is the most frequent device for 1-4 L/min oxygen.

False.

Medical term: Salpingo-oophorectomy.

Excision of the uterine (fallopian) tube and ovary.

Where is the pulse checked during cardiac arrest?

Carotid artery.

Units for measuring blood pressure?

Millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).

T/F: All temperatures are identical regardless of the site measured.

False.

Best vessels for determining pulse rate?

Superficial arteries.

Why must oxygen be handled cautiously?

It supports combustion.

How can the base of support be increased?

Standing with legs far apart.

Medical term: Erythema.

Superficial reddening of the skin due to injury or irritation.

T/F: CPAP provides pressure on both inhalation and exhalation.

True.

Which side should all transfers be initiated toward?

The patient’s strong side.

T/F: The most common site for pulse measurement is the brachial artery.

False.

Location of the human center of gravity?

At approximately sacral level two.

T/F: Place BP cuffs on the same side as a mastectomy to avoid lymphedema.

False.

When is an inflatable air splint used?

Lower extremity trauma.

Medical term: D&C (Dilation and…).

Curettage.

Preferred location of a PICC or CV catheter tip?

Superior vena cava.

Abbreviation: BPH.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Tachycardia heart rate?

Greater than 100 beats per minute.

Primary objective of oxygen therapy?

Increase the O2 concentration going to the patient.

Abbreviation: TURP.

Surgical removal of pieces of the prostate gland tissue.

T/F: Characteristics of pulse are pattern, effect, and rate.

False.

Peak blood pressure reading?

Systolic pressure (resulting from left ventricular contraction).

Using tape on infants or geriatric patients?

Twist the tape so the non-adhesive side is against the skin.

How to establish patient rapport?

Gently tell the patient what you need to accomplish and how you will move forward.

T/F: Port-a-cath and Swan Ganz are examples of central lines.

True.

Technique for breast lesion tissue using mammography and computer-assisted biopsy?

Stereotactic breast biopsy.

Tube used to relieve a large tension pneumothorax?

Chest tube / Thoracostomy tube.

Exception to good lifting mechanics?

Extending reach beyond the center of gravity.

T/F: PEG tubes are inserted through the abdominal wall.

True.

Which is NOT a standard temperature site: Oral, Tympanic, Inguinal, or Rectal?

Inguinal.

Normal adult BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) range?

7–21.

Definition: Tidal volume.

Air exchanged during normal breathing.

Medical term: Cryptorchidism.

State of hidden testes.

T/F: Inflate the BP cuff to at least 280 mm Hg.

False.

Effective method to reduce patient motion?

Clear instructions, assessing cooperation, and explaining the importance of holding still.

Lab test for chemical byproduct of metabolism in muscles?

Creatinine.

Use of a Dobhoff tube?

Feeding.

Safely raising a cardiac patient from supine?

Check for orthostatic hypotension, communicate, and raise slowly.

Jaundice is associated with?

Liver failure.

Medical term: Prostatocystitis.

Inflammation of the prostate gland and the bladder.

Assessment of LOC (Level of Consciousness)?

Observing eyes and speech.

Definition: Hypothermia.

Temperature below 97.7°F.

Medical term: Twisting of the spermatic cord.

Testicular torsion.

What does the first Korotkoff sound represent?

Systolic pressure.

Medical term: Pelvic floor (male and female).

Perineum.

Primary cause of shock?

Inadequate blood flow.

Brain structure controlling thermoregulation?

Hypothalamus.

Site of a tympanic thermometer measurement?

Eardrum.

Cause of pulse felt in peripheral arteries?

Ventricle contraction.

Uses for a Port-a-cath?

Chemotherapy, antibiotics, parenteral nutrition, and fluids.

How is an apical pulse measured?

Auscultation (listening with a stethoscope).

Condition that may cause tachycardia?

Fever.

Bad communication strategy during transfer?

Staying quiet so as not to alarm the patient.

T/F: Hypertension is more common in women before 50 and men after 50.

True.

Medical term: Excision of uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.

Hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy.

Deflation rate for a BP cuff?

2 mm Hg per second.

Flow rates higher than 4 L/min require?

Humidification.

CVP line insertion site?

A large vein.

T/F: A Salem Sump is a double-lumen tube with an air vent pigtail.

True.

Name for the most common NG tube?

Levin.

Difference between mobility and stability muscles?

Mobility muscles are in the arms and legs; stability muscles provide postural support.

Which is a high-flow oxygen device?

Air-entrainment (Venturi) mask.

A patient with a rectal temperature of 100.5°F is?

Febrile.

T/F: Keep chest tubes below the chest and IV bags above the head.

True.

Purpose of a nebulizer?

Delivers aerosol saline mist and allows medication/oxygen delivery.

Purpose of GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) test?

Rate at which kidneys filter waste from the blood.

Ideal location of the endotracheal tube tip?

In the trachea 1 to 2 inches above the carina.

Correct placement of a right-sided CV line tip?

Should not cross midline; located in the superior vena cava.

T/F: 1/3 of central lines are placed incorrectly.

True.

Factors influencing respiratory rate?

Activity, pain, age, and drugs.

Best way to move a heavy object to reduce back strain?

Push the object.

T/F: Use stability muscles for lifting and mobility muscles for support.

False (reverse: mobility for lifting, stability for support).

Indications for a tracheostomy?

Airway obstruction and impaired respiratory function.

Oxygen flow rate for a non-rebreather mask?

10–15 L/min.

Radiography for pleural effusions?

Fluid causes blunting; as little as 30 mL can be seen; patient should be erect or decubitus.

Common chest tube insertion sites?

Lateral mid-axillary line; between 5th & 6th intercostal space.

T/F: Swan Ganz catheters assess cardiac function.

True.

Standard sites for taking temperature?

Oral, Axillary, Temporal, Tympanic, Rectal.

Moving patients on nebulizers or ventilators?

Avoid fluid in corrugated tubes from flushing the airway.

Most important action when administering emergency care?

Recognizing when advanced care is needed and calling for assistance.

First priority in patient care?

Providing an open airway.

Equipment needed for CPR on a supine stretcher patient?

Backboard.

Shock caused by heart failure?

Cardiogenic.

Action for a patient having a generalized seizure?

Prevent harm and call for help; do not leave the patient.

Position for a patient experiencing syncope?

Dorsal recumbent with feet elevated.

Symptoms of a deteriorating head injury?

Lethargy.