geo term 2

Landforms

Natural individual features of the earths surface identified by their shape eg valleys mountains ,hills

Landscapes

An area of the earth with common physical characteristics on earth eg deserters coastal

Karst

Landscape where bedrock (limestone) has been dissolved by water creating a shake hole filled Terrain

Plain

Flat area after elevated area

Urban

Significant population

Escarpment

A long steep slope or cliff that seperate two areas of land at different heights

Plateau

Flat area of land that’s raised higher than surrounding land

Coastal

It’s everything you see and find at the edge of the ocean

Environmental value

Ecological importance and biodiversity supported by landscapes

Economic value

Financial benefits derived from land use such as agriculture and tourism

Recreational value

Opportunities for outdoor activities and enjoyment that landscapes provide

Cultural

Historical and spiritual significance taht landforms hold for communities

Personal value

Beliefs and principles guiding individual actions and decisions eg age cultural background Experiences occupation age and education

Lithosphere

The outer layer of the mantle and the crust forms the tectonic plates . 7 key plates

Divergent plates

Plates move away from eachother, constructive plates margins because molten rock from the earths mantle erupts along the opening forming new crust, cause rift valleys or ridges and shallow earthquakes can occur

Convergent plates

Convergent plates move towards eachother

Have destructive plate margins

Upon collision plates buckle crust pushes upward forming mountains( over many many years )

Transform plates

Plates slide past eachother

Sometimes get caught and pressure build up

When plate give up and slip due to increased pressure fault line form and earthquakes occur

Crust

Solid layer of rock on surface of the planet. Thinned layer, crust is broken (tectonic plates)

Mantle

Thick solid rock between crust and core

asthenosphere

Hot semi liquid part of mantle made of magma or molten rock, moves due to convection currents, tectonic plates move across it

Lithosphere

outermost part if mantle and crust, relatively cool and rigid contains tectonic plates

Inner core

Hit solid sphere made up of iron and nickel , 5400 degrees Celsius and 1,220 km in radius

Outer core

Liquid layer of earth churns in huge turbulent currents creates electrical current and turns earths magnetic field