World History FINAL

Types of Government

Different ways a country is ruled like democracy dictatorship monarchy or communism

Stalin’s Five Year Plan

Stalin’s plan to quickly grow Soviet industry and farming through government control

The Enabling Act

A 1933 law that let Hitler make laws without the German parliament

Triumph of the Will

A Nazi propaganda film that made Hitler look powerful and perfect

Palestine

A Middle East region fought over by Jews and Arabs because both claimed the land

Long March

Mao’s retreat in China that helped the communists survive and gain support

Blitzkrieg

Quick lightning war using tanks planes and troops

Battle of Midway

A major U S naval victory that turned the war in the Pacific

Pearl Harbor

A surprise attack by Japan on a U S naval base in Hawaii that caused the U S to enter WWII

Post

War Japan

Post

War China

The Suez Canal

A very important waterway that connects Europe and Asia and is key for trade

Nuremberg Laws

Nazi laws that took away rights from Jewish people in Germany

Fascist government

A dictatorship that uses strong nationalism force and total control

Appeasement

Giving in to an aggressive country to try to avoid war

Détente

A period when the U S and Soviet Union tried to reduce Cold War tension

Hitler’s Land Grab

Hitler’s expansion into nearby lands like Austria and parts of Czechoslovakia

Dunkirk

The evacuation of Allied soldiers from France in 1940

Artistic Trends

New art styles that showed the fear stress and change of the time

The Battle of Stalingrad

A huge Soviet victory that became a major turning point against Germany

NATO nations

Western countries that joined a military alliance to resist Soviet power

League of Nations

A peace organization after WWI that failed to stop aggression

Cold War

A long conflict between the U S and Soviet Union without direct full scale war

Berlin Wall

A wall built to separate East and West Berlin and stop people from escaping

Sputnik

The first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957

Bay of Pigs

A failed U S backed invasion of Cuba

Marshall Plan

U S money and aid used to rebuild Europe and stop communism

Soviet Plans

Government controlled economic plans used by the USSR to guide production

Silent Spring

A book that warned people about the harmful effects of pesticides

The “Four Olds”

Old customs culture habits and ideas Mao wanted to destroy

Korean War

A war between North and South Korea that ended with Korea still divided

Vietnam War

A war about communism and independence in Vietnam that the U S got involved in

Perestroika

Soviet economic reform under Gorbachev to fix the weak economy

Asian Tigers

Fast growing economies in East Asia like South Korea and Taiwan

Archduke Francis Ferdinand

His assassination helped trigger World War I

The Western Front

The area in France and Belgium where trench warfare happened in WWI

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty that punished Germany after WWI

Schlieffen Plan

Germany’s plan to attack France first before fighting Russia

Gallipoli

A failed Allied attack on the Ottoman Empire during WWI

Gandhi

Leader of Indian independence who used nonviolence and protest

Mao Zedong

Leader of the Chinese Communist Revolution

Chiang Kai

shek

PRI

A political party that ruled Mexico for many years

Ayatollah Khomeini

Leader of the Iranian Revolution who created an Islamic government

Chernobyl

A major nuclear disaster in the Soviet Union in 1986

Apartheid

South Africa’s system of racial segregation and unfair treatment

Kristallnacht

The Nazi attack on Jewish people homes and businesses in 1938

Causes of WWII

German anger appeasement economic problems and Hitler’s expansion

Truman Doctrine

U S policy to help countries stop communism from spreading

NATO / Warsaw Pact

Military alliances during the Cold War West vs Soviet bloc

Totalitarianism

A government that tries to control politics media and people’s lives

Propaganda

Information designed to shape people’s opinions

Economic crisis

Poor money conditions that make people support extreme leaders

Militarism

Belief that a strong military makes a nation powerful

Nationalism

Strong pride in your country that can lead to conflict

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic crash that helped extremists rise

Communism

A system where the government controls major property and industry

Democracy

A system where people choose leaders by voting

Dictatorship

A system where one leader or group has most of the power

Collectivization

Combining farms into large state controlled farms

Civilian casualties

Non soldiers who are killed or hurt in war

Military casualties

Soldiers killed or injured in war

Home front

How civilians support a war through work rationing and sacrifice

Genocide

The planned killing of a whole group of people

Holocaust

The Nazi murder of six million Jews

Axis Powers

Germany Italy and Japan in WWII

Allies

The countries that fought against the Axis Powers

Turning point

A battle or event that changes the direction of a war

Trench warfare

Fighting from long ditches in WWI

Total war

A war that uses all of a country’s people and resources

Arms race

Countries competing to build more weapons

Containment

Stopping the spread of communism

Berlin Airlift

U S and allies flew food and supplies into West Berlin

Iron Curtain

The divide between communist East and capitalist West

Proxy war

A war where big powers support other countries fighting each other

Collapse of the USSR

Weak economy reform problems and unrest helped end the Soviet Union

Middle East tension

Foreign control oil and borders caused conflict in the region

Human cost of war

Death destruction trauma and suffering for soldiers and civilians

Postwar rebuilding

Repairing damage and rebuilding countries after war

WWI cause: alliances

Countries were tied together so one war spread fast

WWI cause: nationalism

Strong national pride made countries more aggressive

WWI cause: imperialism

European countries competed for colonies and power

WWI cause: militarism

Nations built up armies and weapons before the war

WWII cause: Hitler’s aggression

Hitler kept breaking rules and taking land

WWII cause: appeasement failure

Britain and France gave in too much which made Hitler bolder