REGULATORY DISEASES TEST 2

Pathophysiology for CF

chronic and progressive buiildup of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs and digestive system, leading to respiratory infections and digestive issues.

Signs and symptoms of CF in Lungs

thick mucus, frequent respiratory infections, cough, wheezing, SOB

Signs and symptoms of CF in Gi

poor digestion, abdominal pain, fatty stool

complications of CF

decreased growth, cannot be alone, infected children cant be with other infected

Diagnostic test for CF

genetic test, sweat chloride test

nursing interventions for CF

caregiver education, chest physiotherapy, postural drainage position

Med interventions for CF

Mucus thinner, bronchodilators, antibiotics, pancreatic enzyme replacement

Patient teaching for CF

small meals, increase calories and protein, faamily support, infection prevention

pathophysiology for asthma

inflammation of airway, hyper responses, mucosal edema, during attack- narrowing prolonged expiration

signs and symptoms of asthma

SOB, wheezing, cough, tightness, diaphoretic, tachy, cyanotic, hypoxemia——if no wheezing=BAD

diagnostic test for asthma

RBC, WBC, PFT

risk factors for asthma

child boys, adult women, genetics, exema, hayfever, allergies, res. infections, smoking, environmental factors

AFRICANS AND PUERTO RICANS

Nursing interventions for asthma

high fowlers, keep calm, educate, monitor RR O2 Pulse cap refill

med interventions for asthma

bronchodilators, corticosteroids

patient teaching for asthma

know triggers, always have inhaler, peak flow meter

Pathophysiology for COPD

air trapped in lungs, irreversible, no cure, slow and gradual

signs and symptoms of COPD

SOB with activity, chronic cough, wheezing, chest tightness, increased sputum production, barrel chest, tripod position, fatigue

diagnostic tests for COPD

capnometry for increased CO2, wbc, ABGs, chest x ray, CT, increased RBC

nursing interventions for COPD

high fowlers, tele, fall risk, oxygen, turn cough deep breathing, pulse ox

med interventions for COPD

Bronchodilators, corticosteroids, antibiotics

what should you NEVER give a person with COPD

ANTITUSSIVES as they can suppress cough reflex, leading to retention of secretions.

Patient teaching for COPD

purse lip breathing, o2 safety, NO SMOKING, small frequent meals, increase hydration, inhaler, dont increase sodium

risk factors for COPD

smokers, occupations, genetics, childhood asthma, obesity, frequent res infections

Pathophysiology for Pneumonia

inflammation of lung tissue- bacterial, viral or fungal

signs and symptoms of pneumonia

SOB, subtle onset dyspnea, fever, cough (prod or nonprod), crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia

diagnostic test for pneumonia

chest x ray, sputum, increase CBC, blood culture, bronchoscopy

risk factors for pneumonia

environment, elderly, ventilated, immobile, immunosuppressed (COPD, chemo, CF, AIDS), smoker, unvaccinated, dysphagia, neuro deficits

nursing interventions for pneumonia

ambulation, spirometer, reposition, hydrate, breathing cough techniques

med interventions for pneumonia

antibiotics, antipyretics, iv fluids, o2

patient education for pneumonia

hydration, spirometer, clean resp equipment, pneumococcal vaccine, infection prevention, breathing techniques

complications of pneumonia

sepsis, res failure, pleural effusion, lung abscess

care for ventilator acquired pneumonia (VAP bundle)

oral care, elev head of bed, suction PRN, weaning assessment, hydration, turn Q2

pathophysiology for RSV

infection of bronchioles— highly infectious in children

infection precautions for RSV

contact and droplet

signs and symtoms of RSV

runny nose, low fever, pharangitis, cough, wheezing, retractions, tachypnea, poor feeding, decreased activity

diagnostic test for RSV

nasal, o2, S/S, chest x ray, blood culture

risk factor for RSV

less than 6 months of age

nursing interventions for RSV

Supplemental o2, suction, antipyritics, hydration, nebulizer

patient education for RSV

isolation, infection prevention, vaccine