Electrical Engineering I - Learning Unit 1

Comprehensive practice flashcards for Electrical Engineering I Learning Unit 1, covering atomic theory, material properties, energy sources, SI units, and mechanics calculations.

According to the electron theory, all matter is comprised of molecules, which in turn are comprised of atoms, which are comprised of __________, __________, and __________.

protons, neutrons, and electrons

Matter is defined as anything that has __MASS________ and ___VOLUME

_______.

mass and volume

Within an atom, __________ have positive electrical charges, while __________ have negative electrical charges.

protons, electrons

An atom is electrically balanced or neutral when it has an __________ number of protons and electrons.

equal

The central part of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons is called the __________.

nucleus

When a neutral atom loses electrons, it becomes a __________ ion.

positive

The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in each energy level is calculated using the equation __________.

$$2n^2$$

The electrons in the outermost shell of an atom are known as __________ electrons.

valence

Materials with less than four valence electrons are classified as __________, while those with more than four are classified as __________.

conductors, insulators

__________ are materials that have exactly four valence electrons in their atom's outer shell.

Semiconductors

Current is defined as the __________ of flow of electrons.

rate

The theory stating that current flows from negative to positive is called __________ Theory.

Electron

__________ Theory, also known as Hole Theory, states that current flows from positive to negative.

Conventional

The generation of voltage when a conductor is subjected to a thermal gradient is known as the thermoelectric effect or __________ effect.

Seebeck

The SI unit for a temperature gradient is __________.

$$K/m$$

The production of voltage across a conductor in a changing magnetic field is called __________.

electromagnetic induction

__________ is the ability of materials like crystals and ceramics to generate an electric field in response to applied mechanical stress.

Piezoelectricity

The process through which a PV cell converts sunlight into electricity is known as the __________ effect.

photovoltaic

In an electrochemical cell, the electrode where oxidation occurs is the __________, and the electrode where reduction occurs is the __________.

anode, cathode

The SI prefix for $10^9$ is __________, while the prefix for $10^{-9}$ is __________.

giga, nano

The SI prefix for a millionth ($10^{-6}$) is __________.

micro

The product of applied force ($F$) and the moment arm ($r$) defines __________, which is measured in __________.

torque, Nm

The force required to accelerate a mass ($m$) is calculated using the formula __________.

$$F = m \times a$$

Weight is the gravitational action acting on a mass and is calculated using the constant $g$, which is __________.

$$9.81\,m/s^2$$

The unit of work, the __________, is defined as the work done when a force of one newton is exerted through a distance of one metre.

joule

Potential energy ($E_P$) is calculated using the formula __________.

$$m \times g \times h$$

Kinetic energy ($E_k$) for an object in motion is calculated as __________.

$$\frac{1}{2} \times m \times v^2$$

The SI unit of power is __________, which is the rate of doing work.

Watts

The total energy consumed when one kilowatt of power is delivered for one hour is __________.

$$1\,kWh$$

One kilowatt-hour ($1\,kWh$) is equivalent to __________ Joules.

$$3\,600\,000$$

The measure of how much total power is converted into usable energy is called __________.

efficiency

Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a __________ substance by 1 degree.

$$1\,g$$

The SI unit for specific heat capacity is __________.

$$J/Kg \cdot K$$

The amount of energy absorbed or released during a change in physical state without a change in temperature is called __________ heat.

latent

__________ First Law of Electrolysis states that the weight of an element deposited is directly proportional to the current and the time for which it flows.

Faraday’s

The constant characteristic of a specific substance used in electrolysis calculations is the __________, measured in g/C.

electrochemical equivalent