2

Anterior

toward the front

Posterior

toward the back

Superior

toward the head

Inferior

away from the head

Proximal

toward the point of origin

Distal

away from the point of origin

Medial

toward the midline

Lateral

away from the midline

Superficial

toward the skin's surface

Deep

farther away from the skin's surface

Sagittal Plane

divides body into left and right

Mid-sagittal Plane

divides the body into equal left and right halves

Frontal (coronal) Plane

divides body into front and back

Transverse (horizontal) Plane

divides the body into superior and inferior parts

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Simple Squamous

single layer of flat cells

Stratified Squamous keratinized

ET lines the surface of the skin.

Simple Cuboidal

single layer of cube-shaped cells, secretion & absorption

Simple Columnar

Single layer of tall cells

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

lines the respiratory tract

Loose (areolar) CT

Location: packages organs

Function: cushions organs

Adipose tissue

Tissue that stores fat.

Dense regular collagenous CT

tendons and ligaments

Dense irregular collagenous CT

dermis

Hyaline cartilage

Most common type of cartilage; it is found on the ends of long bones, ribs, and nose

Compact Bone

Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone

Spongy Bone

Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone.

Stratum Basale

deepest layer of epidermis

Stratum Spinosum

spiny layer

Stratum Granulosum

granular layer

Stratum Lucidum

a layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers, palms, and soles

Stratum Corneum.

outermost layer of epidermis

Papillary layer

the outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis (20%)

Reticular Layer

deepest skin layer (80%)

Sebaceous Gland

oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles

Sweat Gland

The glands that secrete sweat, located in the dermal layer of the skin.

Touch Receptor

The nerve endings that detect pressure on your skin

Hair Follicle

sac within which each hair grows

Periosteum

A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles.

Osteon

structural unit of compact bone

Central/Haversian Canal

contains blood vessels and nerves

Lacunae

small cavities that contain osteocytes

Osteocyte

mature bone cell

Canaliculi

little channels that connect lacunae

Diaphysis

shaft of a long bone

Epiphysis

End of a long bone

Bone Marrow

Soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells

Frontal bone

Parietal bones

Sagittal Suture

Coronal Suture

Lambdoid Suture

Squamous Suture

Temporal bone

Zygomatic process (temporal)

Mandibular fossa

External auditory meatus

Styloid process

Mastoid process

Carotid canal

Jugular foramen

Internal auditory (acoustic) meatus

Occipital bone

Foramen magnum

Occipital condyles

Sphenoid bone

Sella turcica

Optic canal

Ethmoid bone

Cribiform plate

Hyoid bone

Manubrium

Body of sternum

Xiphoid Process

Cervical Vertebrae

C1-C7

Thoracic Vertebrae

T1-T12

Lumbar Vetebrae

L1-L5

Sacrum Vertebrae

5 fused into 1

Coccyx Vertebrae

4 fused vertebrae that make up the tail bone

Atlas (C1)

Axis (C2)

Transverse Foramen

only found in the cervical vertebrae and allow passage of the vertabral artery, vein, and nerve

Spinous process

sharp, slender projection

Transverse process

Lamina

part of the vertebral arch

body (centrum)

Rib

Coastal groove

Scapula

shoulder blade

Glenoid cavity

Coracoid process

Acromion

Spine (scapula)

Supraspinous fossa

Infraspinous fossa

Clavicle

collar bone

Sternal End of clavicle

Acromial end